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The study purposes For periodontal applications, such as diagnosing gingivitis and periodontal disease, artificial intelligence (AI) models have been developed; however, their accuracy and technological maturity are to be evolved. The applications of such technologies in the field of periodontics are walking baby steps worldwide. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is moving fast in technology adoption and implementation in different sectors. However, the healthcare sector, especially clinical-related, needs original research applied to Saudi subjects. The literature in the field of machine learning applications in dentistry is limited. Although AI models for periodontology applications are still being developed, they could serve as potent diagnostic instruments. The current study was planned to add to the current gap in the literature.
A cross-sectional study design will be applied. Two hundred fifty patients will be evaluated by an experienced periodontist and used as input variables. The final diagnosis output will be generated by considering relevant information from the patient's medical history, clinical dental examination, and radiographic exam. Of the sample of 250 patients, 20% of the participants will be assigned randomly to the test group, while the rest will be assigned to the training group before feeding it to the algorithms.
The study purposes For periodontal applications, such as diagnosing gingivitis and periodontal disease, artificial intelligence (AI) models have been developed; however, their accuracy and technological maturity are to be evolved. The applications of such technologies in the field of periodontics are walking baby steps worldwide. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is moving fast in technology adoption and implementation in different sectors. However, the healthcare sector, especially clinical-related, needs original research applied to Saudi subjects. The literature in the field of machine learning applications in dentistry is limited. Although AI models for periodontology applications are still being developed, they could serve as potent diagnostic instruments. The current study was planned to add to the current gap in the literature.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Periodontal Examination | Diagnostic Test | No details will be published from the clinical assessment. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Age | <30, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, >80 | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Gender | Male; Female. | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Marital statue | Married, widowed, divorced, never married | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Education | < secondary school, secondary school, graduate or equivalent, some college or associates degree, College graduate or higher | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Physical Activities | Light, Moderate, Heavy | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Bleeding on Probing | Yes; No | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Gingival Index | Percentage | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Plaque Index | Percentage |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Data will be collected randomly during the study period planned to end by the end of the year 2023. Data will be collected from participants attending the periodontal department at Abha Specialized Dental Center seeking periodontal treatment.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdulrahman Al Shehri, BSD, MS | Contact | +966507090251 | alshehriabdulrahman3@gmail.com | |
| Abdulrahman Al Shehri, BDS, MS | Contact | +966507090251 | alshehriabdulrahman3@gmail.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Abdulrahman Al Shehri, BDS, MS | General Directorate of Health Affairs, Aseer Region, KSA. | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25772929 | Result | Ozden FO, Ozgonenel O, Ozden B, Aydogdu A. Diagnosis of periodontal diseases using different classification algorithms: a preliminary study. Niger J Clin Pract. 2015 May-Jun;18(3):416-21. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.151785. | |
| 36777017 | Result | Alqahtani HM, Koroukian SM, Stange K, Schiltz NK, Bissada NF. Identifying Factors Associated with Periodontal Disease Using Machine Learning. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2022 Dec 30;12(6):612-622. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_188_22. eCollection 2022 Nov-Dec. |
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No intention and no need to share individual patient data with research community.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010510 | Periodontal Diseases |
| D004194 | Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Periodontal Probing Depth | PPD at the site of greatest loss (number) | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Recession Type | Yes; No | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Clinical Attachment Loss | CAL at the site of greatest loss (number) | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Radiographic Bone Loss | RBL at the site of greatest loss (percentage) | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Tooth Mobility | Yes; No | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Missing Teeth | Yes; No | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Furcation Involvement | Yes; No | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Diabetes | Healthy, <7% HbA1c, ≥7% HbA1c | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Smoking | None, <10 cig/day, ≥10cig/day | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Body Mass Index | Underweight, Healthy, Overweight, Obese | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |
| Cardiovascular Disease | Yes; No | One time measure; baseline during periodontal clinical examination. |