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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| IRAS 328196 | Other Identifier | Integrated Research Application System |
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This study aims to assess how aware patients with advanced cancer are about their prognosis when they are referred to an Enhanced Supportive Care (ESC) service. Further, the study aim to assess the relationship between patients prognostic understanding and their mental health, quality of life, trust in medical professionals as well as their perception of the care they receive.
The study will involve adult patients with advanced cancer who are referred to the ESC service at London University College Hospital. Patients who agree to participate will provide consent and answer a questionnaire. The questionnaire will cover their prognostic awareness, psychological symptoms, and quality of life. It takes about 20 minutes to complete and can be done online via RedCap
Background:
Prognostic awareness among patients with life-limiting diseases has been shown to be associated with less depression, better quality of care and earlier referral to palliative care. Moreover, accurate understanding of their illness may support patients to make informed decisions about their future in alignment with their preferences, values or needs.
Supportive care in cancer is the prevention and management of the adverse effects of cancer and its treatment. This includes management of physical and psychological symptoms and side effects. Enhanced Supportive Care (ESC) is a relatively new initiative implementing early supportive care in patients with advanced cancer.
Although studies have shown that a large proportion of patients with advanced cancer remain unaware that their disease is not curable, research regarding prognostic awareness in patients referred to Enhanced Supportive Care (ESC) services is still scarce.
A deeper knowledge of the factors and patient characteristics associated with prognostic awareness is an important first step to develop interventions to improve prognostic communication and thereby to facilitate delivery of high-quality ESC.
General aim:
The ESC team at University College London Hospital is embedded within the oncology outpatient service, providing specialist symptom control and Advanced Care Planning to patients with advanced cancer.
The primary aim of this study is to better understand the prognostic awareness of patients referred to the ESC service. A secondary aim is to evaluate the relationship between patients' prognostic awareness and levels of psychological distress, quality of life, trust in medical professionals and perceived quality of care.
Patient population:
Consecutive adult patients with advanced cancer referred to the ESC service will be eligible to participate. Patients unable to complete questionnaires due to cognitive impairment such as dementia will be excluded. Patients who have already been referred to community palliative care services will also be excluded.
Methods:
This will be a cross-sectional prospective study. Potentially eligible patients will be identified by members of the ESC team and will be informed about the study. Interested patients will then discuss the study with the research team and will be invited to participate. After informed consent has been obtained, participants will complete a questionnaire which will cover their level of prognostic awareness, psychological symptoms, and quality of life). The questionnaire will take approximately 20 minutes to complete. The questionnaire can be completed online via RedCap.
Endpoints:
The primary endpoint of this study is the level of patients' prognostic awareness, which will be assessed by the Prognosis and Treatment Perception Questionnaire. This questionnaire has previously been successfully used in research to assess patients' information preferences, perceptions about their prognosis and the goals of therapy and communication preferences about end-of-life care.
Secondary endpoints will be (a) patients' preferences for receiving prognostic information assessed through the Prognosis and Treatment Perception Questionnaire (b) symptoms of depression evaluated through the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), (c) symptoms of anxiety evaluated through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2), (d) quality of life and (d) patients' trust in their medical team and (e) other aspects of perceived quality of care, rated on a visual analogue scale (NRS) from 0-10.
Sample size and statistics:
The investigators will conduct univariable and multivariable regression analyses to evaluate associations between sociodemographic or clinical variables and outcomes. The investigators aim to include 100 patients. This will give us at least 10 degrees of freedom to assess association of potential risk factors with outcome and to evaluate confounders in a multivariable analysis.
Discussion: This will be the first prospective study to assess prognostic awareness among cancer patients referred to ESC services in a British setting. Identifying covariates for prognostic unawareness and psychological burden among patients with advanced cancer will inform the future development of strategies to improve care and communication with this patient group.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with advanced cancer | Patients with advanced cancer that are referred to the Enhanced Supportive Care Team at University College London Hospital |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Patients' prognostic understanding | Patients' prognostic understanding about their illness assessed through the Prognosis and Treatment Perception Questionnaire. This questionnaire assesses patient beliefs regarding the likelihood of cure, the preference for receiving prognostic information as well as the perceived helpfulness of knowing about prognosis | within 1 week after patient assessment by the Enhanced Supportive Care Team |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Perceived value of prognostic information | Assessed through the Prognosis and Treatment Perception Questionnaire. This questionnaire assesses patient beliefs regarding the likelihood of cure, the preference for receiving prognostic information as well as the perceived helpfulness of knowing about prognosis | within 1 week after patient assessment by the Enhanced Supportive Care Team |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Symptoms of anxiety | Patients' symptoms of anxiety assessed through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item. This scale has a range from 0 to 6 points with higher scores indicating more symptoms of anxiety. A score of 3 points is considered a cut-off point, in which further evaluation is recommended. | within 1 week after patient assessment by the Enhanced Supportive Care Team |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Population: Consecutive patients with advanced cancer being referred to the Enhanced Supportive Care Team
Setting: UCH Macmillan Cancer Centre
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Patrick Stone, Prof | University College, London | Principal Investigator |
| Joanna Sheppard, MD | University College London Hospitals | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University College Hospital Macmillan Cancer Centre | London | United Kingdom |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25800768 | Background | Bakitas MA, Tosteson TD, Li Z, Lyons KD, Hull JG, Li Z, Dionne-Odom JN, Frost J, Dragnev KH, Hegel MT, Azuero A, Ahles TA. Early Versus Delayed Initiation of Concurrent Palliative Oncology Care: Patient Outcomes in the ENABLE III Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2015 May 1;33(13):1438-45. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2014.58.6362. Epub 2015 Mar 23. | |
| 19690306 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D003863 | Depression |
| D010549 | Personal Satisfaction |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| Symptoms of depression | Patients' symptoms of depression assessed through the Patient Health Questionnaire-2. This scale has a range from 0 to 6 points with higher scores indicating more depressive symptoms. A score of 3 points is considered a cut-off point, in which further evaluation is recommended. | within 1 week after patient assessment by the Enhanced Supportive Care Team |
| Patients' quality of life | Patients' quality of life assessed through the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life core 15 palliative questionnaire. This 15-item questionnaire, employs a 4-point Likert scale for each question, and the resulting scores are linearly transformed to a possible range of 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate a better quality of life | within 1 week after patient assessment by the Enhanced Supportive Care Team |
| Trust in the treating oncologist | Patients' trust in the treating oncologist assessed on a numeric rating scale ranging from 0-10 with higher scores indicating more trust | within 1 week after patient assessment by the Enhanced Supportive Care Team |
| Satisfaction with care | Patients' satisfaction with care assessed on a numeric rating scale ranging from 0-10 with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction | within 1 week after patient assessment by the Enhanced Supportive Care Team |
| Bakitas M, Lyons KD, Hegel MT, Balan S, Brokaw FC, Seville J, Hull JG, Li Z, Tosteson TD, Byock IR, Ahles TA. Effects of a palliative care intervention on clinical outcomes in patients with advanced cancer: the Project ENABLE II randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009 Aug 19;302(7):741-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1198. |
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