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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 64785722.0.0000.5327 | Other Identifier | Ethics Committee - Brazilian Government (CEP/Conep) |
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Standardized tests such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) and the brazilian National High School Exam (ENEM) give more time for students with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD) to complete the exam. The goal of this study is to find out if giving students with ADHD more time on tests actually helps them. Additionally, the research aims to find out if more time helps students without ADHD too or not, or even if it only helps students with certain traits.
Initially, the participants of this study will fill out forms and questionnaires online. Then, they will go through a psychiatric evaluation, where they will talk to a psychiatrist, and neuropsychological testing, where they will do some mental activities. Later on, they will do a mock test of the ENEM, with and without extra time.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADHD group | Experimental | Participants with Attention Deficit Disorder/Hyperactivity (ADHD) diagnosis who will take three equivalent academic exams, having 40 minutes (standard time), 50 minutes (25% increase) and 60 minutes (50% increase) to complete the exam. |
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| Control group | Active Comparator | Participants without Attention Deficit Disorder/Hyperactivity (ADHD) diagnosis who will take three equivalent academic exams, having 40 minutes (standard time), 50 minutes (25% increase) and 60 minutes (50% increase) to complete the exam. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extended time 25% | Behavioral | Considering a standard time of 40 minutes, participants will receive 50 minutes to complete the exam. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from Baseline in Test Scores Under Three Time-Limited Testing Conditions. | Test performance measured by the proportion of correct answers weighted according to the Item Response Theory. | During a two-hour-and-a-half intervention. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Between-Group Difference in Change from Baseline in Test Scores Under Three Time-Limited Testing Conditions (ADHD vs. Non-ADHD Participants). | Test performance measured by the proportion of correct answers weighted according to the Item Response Theory. | During a two-and-a-half-hour intervention. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Luis Augusto Paim Rohde, PhD | Hospital de ClÃnicas de Porto Alegre | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital de ClÃnicas de Porto Alegre | Porto Alegre | Rio Grande do Sul | 90035903 | Brazil |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42235056 | Derived | Malcon L, Gomes Silva A, Bezerra Falcao A, Bonganhi de Bem E, Grevet F, Wagner F, Duarte I, Barbedo L, Schneider M, Rohde LA, Hoffmann M, Caye A. Efficacy of Extended Time on Exams for College Students and Applicants With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized, Counterbalanced Crossover and Within-Subject Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Jun 3;15:e80271. doi: 10.2196/80271. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Online questionnaires | View source |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001289 | Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019958 | Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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Participants will be assigned either to the "ADHD group" or "non-ADHD group" based on diagnosis. Both groups will receive the same intervention, which is to perform three academic exams based on the Brazilian National High School Exam (ENEM) under three different time conditions (40 minutes, 50 minutes and 60 minutes). The order in which they will perform each exam and with which time condition will be randomized.
In order to emulate real-life conditions in which students compete for college entry and motivate them, the participants will be competing for valuable prizes (ebook readers).
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| Extended time 50% | Behavioral | Considering a standard time of 40 minutes, participants will receive 50 minutes to complete the exam. |
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