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Allergic diseases in children are major public health concerns due to their widespread and rising prevalence. The most classic pathway to trigger allergy is type I allergy mediated by immunoglobulin E(IgE), but the role of immunoglobulin G4(IgG4) in allergic diseases is still worth exploring.we have collected the data of allergic patients aged 0-14 years for retrospective cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the positive rates of total IgE, HDM IgE, FS-IgE and FS-IgG4. Meanwhile, investigators screened out patients who were treated with FS-IgG4-guided elimination diets with/without probiotics for more than 3 months to clarify the role of FS-IgG4 in childhood allergic diseases by assessing the improvement of clinical symptoms before and after treatment.
Allergic diseases in children are major public health concerns due to their widespread and rising prevalence. And management of allergic diseases beyond medication, such as food management is also very important. The most classic pathway to trigger allergy is type I allergy mediated by immunoglobulin E(IgE), but the role of immunoglobulin G4(IgG4) in allergic diseases is still worth exploring.In present study, investigators have collected the data of allergic patients aged 0-14 years for retrospective cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the positive rates of total IgE, house dust mite (HDM) IgE, FS-IgE and FS-IgG4. Meanwhile, investigators screened out patients who were treated with FS-IgG4-guided diet elimination with/without probiotics for more than 3 months to clarify the role of FS-IgG4 in childhood allergic diseases by assessing the improvement of clinical symptoms before and after treatment. This retrospective study was conducted to clarify the clinical relevance of food-specific IgG4 in allergic diseases and the effect of dietary avoidance on clinical symptoms, thus making a breakthrough in the diagnosis and treatment of childhood allergies.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Respiratory system group | the patients who diagnosed as rhinitis, asthma and conjunctivitis were assigned to the respiratory system group | ||
| Skin system group | the patients who diagnosed as urticaria and atopic dermatitis were assigned to the skin system group | ||
| Multiple systems group | the patients who diagnosed with a combination of symptoms from different systems were assigned to the multiple systems group |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Age of participants | Age of participants were evaluated in the respiratory, dermatological and multisystemic groups. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| Gender ratio of participants | Gender ratio of participants were evaluated in the respiratory, dermatological and multisystemic groups. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| birth mode of participants | Birth mode of participants were evaluated in the respiratory, dermatological and multisystemic groups. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| Family history of allergies of the participants | Family history of allergies of the participants were evaluated in the respiratory, dermatological and multisystemic groups. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| total IgE | The average level of total IgE in the respiratory, cutaneous, and multi-system groups was assessed. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| FS-IgE | The positive rates of FS-IgE in respiratory, cutaneous and multi-system groups were evaluated. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| HDM-IgE | The average level of HDM-IgE in the respiratory, cutaneous, and multi-system groups was assessed. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| FS-IgG4 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Clinical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.
Exclusion Criteria:
· Autoimmune diseases.
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A total of 407 patients were recruited. Of the all patients,141 were assigned to the respiratory system group, 124 to the skin system group and 142 to the multiple system group. The follow-up interval of patients in both groups before and after treatment was more than 3 months, with the longest follow-up interval being two and a half years.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Huiying Wang | 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Second Affiliated Hospital，School of Medicine，Zhejiang University | Hangzhou | Zhejiang | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D065631 | Rhinitis, Allergic |
| D001249 | Asthma |
| D003233 | Conjunctivitis, Allergic |
| D003876 | Dermatitis, Atopic |
| D000080223 | Chronic Urticaria |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012220 | Rhinitis |
| D009668 | Nose Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D012130 | Respiratory Hypersensitivity |
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The positive rates of FS-IgG4 in respiratory, cutaneous and multi-system groups were evaluated. |
| 2018.1-2020.12 |
| The difference of total-IgE and FS-IgG4 positive rates among the three groups | Chi-square test was used to compare total-IgE (+) FS-IgG4 (+), total-IgE (+) FS-IgG4 (-), total-IgE (-) FS-IgG4 (+) and total-IgE (-) FS-IgG4 (-) among the three groups. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| The difference of FS-IgE and FS-IgG4 positive rates among the three groups | Chi-square test was used to compare FS-IgE (+) FS-IgG4 (+), FS-IgE (+) FS-IgG4 (-), FS-IgE (-) FS-IgG4 (+) and FS-IgE (-) FS-IgG4 (-) among the three groups. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| Comparison of FS-IgG4 positive rates among the three groups | The differences of 10 food-specific IgG4 antibodies (including eggs, milk, cod, beef, chicken, wheat, prawns, crab, mushrooms) in respiratory, skin and multi-system groups were evaluated. | 2018.1-2020.12 |
| D010038 |
| Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases |
| D006969 | Hypersensitivity, Immediate |
| D006967 | Hypersensitivity |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D001982 | Bronchial Diseases |
| D008173 | Lung Diseases, Obstructive |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D003231 | Conjunctivitis |
| D003229 | Conjunctival Diseases |
| D005128 | Eye Diseases |
| D012873 | Skin Diseases, Genetic |
| D030342 | Genetic Diseases, Inborn |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D003872 | Dermatitis |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D017443 | Skin Diseases, Eczematous |
| D014581 | Urticaria |
| D017445 | Skin Diseases, Vascular |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |