Efficacy of Letermovir in Preventing Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients vs. Valganciclovir.

Prospective Study to Assess the Efficacy of Letermovir Prophylaxis in Preventing CMV Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients Compared to a Retrospective Cohort Treated With Standard Valganciclovir Prophylaxis for 12 Months (LETERCOR Study)

The goal of this quasi-experimental multicenter before-after cohort study, phase II study is to evaluate the efficacy of 12-month letermovir prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients (D+/R-) compared to a historical cohort of lung transplant recipients (D+/R-) who received 12 months of valganciclovir prophylaxis to prevent CMV disease."

Inclusion Criteria (prospective cohort):

• Adults over 18 years old
• Lung transplant recipients (D+/R-) pre-transplant.
• Having an undetectable CMV polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR) within the 96 hours prior to the start of letermovir prophylaxis.
• Patients who have provided written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria (prospective cohort):

• HIV-infected patients.
• Patients with multivisceral transplant.
• Patients unable to comply with the follow-up protocol.
• Receiving a different antiviral prophylaxis other than ganciclovir prior to letermovir prophylaxis.
• Patients with concurrent renal and hepatic insufficiency.

Inclusion Criteria (retrospective cohort):

• Adults over 18 years old. Lung transplant recipients (D+/R-) pre-transplant.
• Patients treated with Valganciclovir prophylaxis for 12 months.
• Patients transplanted within 2 years prior to the start of the study.
• Patients with a complete 13-month follow-up and comparable data to the prospective cohort to evaluate the study's primary variables.

Exclusion Criteria (retrospective cohort):

• HIV-infected patients.
• Patients with multivisceral transplant.