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The goal of this clinical trial is by using the Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance, which is also supported by the literature and applied by occupational therapists, in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, it is aimed to determine how children's executive function scores and occupational participation change.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Participants will:
Researchers will compare intervention and control groups to see executive functions and occupational participation.
Autism spectrum disorder is a complex developmental disorder that can lead to dysfunctions in cognitive, emotion regulation, and communication skills.
At the beginning of the cognitive problems seen in children with autism, the pathophysiology in executive functions, which is affected by individual differences, comes to the fore. Difficulties related to executive functions such as cognitive flexibility and problem solving cause limitations in many basic areas, especially in daily life in autism.
The Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance, designed by Polatajko and others, is an activity-oriented problem-solving approach that uses cognitive strategies to develop motor skills in children who have difficulties during daily activities; It is a therapy method that focuses on the goal or the task itself, rather than the acquisition of functions within the activity performance. It is known that the approach is effective on social, emotional and organizational skills, especially cognitive skills in children with autism spectrum disorder.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Orientation Approach + Ayres Sensory Integration Therapy | Experimental | Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) and Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) Therapy will be applied together |
|
| Ayres Sensory Integration Therapy Only | Active Comparator | Only Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) Therapy will be applied |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Orientation Approach | Behavioral | Cognitive training will be given for the selected occupation |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function | It is a rating used to evaluate the behavior of children and adolescents in the home and school environment, taking into account executive functions. It is a likert scale between 1-3 points and a score between 86-258 is obtained. High score is associated with impaired executive function. | 10 weeks |
| The Executive Function and Occupational Routines Scale | It evaluates children's skills such as impulsivity, verbal and non-verbal memory, self-regulation, planning and problem solving. It consists of 4 subtests including the total score. It is obtained by dividing each subtest score by the number of questions. It gives a score between 1-5 points. A high score indicates improvement. | 10 weeks |
| The Short Child Occupational Profile | The profile provides a comprehensive assessment of the child's activity participation and a holistic consideration of the factors that facilitate or limit occupational participation. It consists of 7 subtests including the total score. It is a likert scale between 1-4 points. While the "environmental" subtest is between 5-20 points, the other subtests are between 4-16 points. A higher score is associated with increased occupational performance. | 10 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Canadian Occupational Performance Measure | It is a person-centered approach to establishing treatment goals and assessing perceived performance and satisfaction changes over time. Performance and satisfaction subtests score between 1-5. A higher score is associated with increased occupational performance. | 10 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bezmialem Vakıf University | Istanbul | İ̇stanbul | 34762 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| Ayres Sensory Integration Therapy | Behavioral | Sensory integration therapy will be applied. |
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000067877 | Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| D010358 | Patient Participation |
| D000072458 | Orientation, Spatial |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002659 | Child Development Disorders, Pervasive |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D010342 | Patient Acceptance of Health Care |
| D000074822 | Treatment Adherence and Compliance |
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D013037 | Spatial Behavior |
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