The Effect of Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance With Autism Spectrum Disorder

The Effect of Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance on Executive Functions and Occupational Participation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Randomized Controlled Study With 1 Month Follow-up

The goal of this clinical trial is by using the Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance, which is also supported by the literature and applied by occupational therapists, in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, it is aimed to determine how children's executive function scores and occupational participation change.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Does the Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance have an effect on executive functions?
• Does the Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance have an effect on occupational performance?

Participants will:

• Evaluations will be applied to all participants
• Divided into intervention and control groups
• The intervention group will be given "Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance" and "Ayres Sensory Integration Therapy" followed up for about 10 weeks.
• The control group will be given "Ayres Sensory Integration Therapy" followed up for about 10 weeks.
• After 10 weeks, the results between the two groups will be compared.
• After the second evaluation, both groups will be followed for 1 month and the same evaluations will be repeated.

Researchers will compare intervention and control groups to see executive functions and occupational participation.

Autism spectrum disorder is a complex developmental disorder that can lead to dysfunctions in cognitive, emotion regulation, and communication skills.

At the beginning of the cognitive problems seen in children with autism, the pathophysiology in executive functions, which is affected by individual differences, comes to the fore. Difficulties related to executive functions such as cognitive flexibility and problem solving cause limitations in many basic areas, especially in daily life in autism.

The Cognitive Orientation Approach on Daily Occupational Performance, designed by Polatajko and others, is an activity-oriented problem-solving approach that uses cognitive strategies to develop motor skills in children who have difficulties during daily activities; It is a therapy method that focuses on the goal or the task itself, rather than the acquisition of functions within the activity performance. It is known that the approach is effective on social, emotional and organizational skills, especially cognitive skills in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder according to DSM-V by the Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health
• Being between the ages of 7 years and 10 years and 11 months
• Score 30-36 points on the Childhood Autism Rating Scale
• Participation must be approved by the parent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having a concomitant neurological, psychiatric or orthopedic diagnosis
• Attending a program other than individual education