Motivational Interviewing and Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement

Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) for Tobacco Dependence and Other Drug Use in Methadone Treatment

The purpose of this study is to 1) examine barriers and facilitators to implementation of MI and MORE for polysubstance use and evaluate strategies for optimizing training, fidelity, and clinic uptake, and 2) evaluate patient outcomes related to the effectiveness of MORE decreasing opioid, tobacco, and other drug use.

Inclusion Criteria:

• English-speaking
• Age ≥18
• Currently on methadone; and 4) currently smoke cigarettes.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Severe cognitive impairment (score >23 on Mini Mental Status Exam) or psychosis (positive SCID Psychotic Screen)
• Suicidal risk (score ≥7 on Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire)
• Inability to attend or fully participate in intervention sessions or assessments
• Previous formal mindfulness training (e.g., MBSR, MBRP) or MORE (from the R21 or R33
• Currently taking smoking cessation pharmacotherapy or participating in smoking cessation counseling
• Any contraindications for NRT
• Currently or soon planning to be pregnant or breastfeeding.