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Sleep is not simply the absence of wakefulness. Sleep is an active procedure, normally happening every night, and is absolutely vital. Good sleep is essential for our well-being. Survival without food can be further than without sleep. Work time and commuting time seem to affect total sleep time and night bedtime. Social and work obligation can, therefore, suppress sleep time. Sleep deprived individuals may be facing anxiety and depression symptoms.
The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms among adults with the use of the smartphone application Onar. Onar app will be used to gather information from wearable devices of the users including total sleep time, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset time. An established questionnaire (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale/ HADS) will be used to quantify and detect the presence of anxiety and depression in the study population.
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| To determine the existence of depression and anxiety symptoms in the study population. | Comparison of HADS score with population standardized mean value. | 2 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Correlation of depression and anxiety symptoms with Total sleep time (TST). | Total sleep time (TST). | 2 weeks |
| Correlation of depression and anxiety symptoms with Wake after sleep onset time (WASO). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Subjects using the application on a daily basis for at least 1 week prior to participation will be eligible for participation. After the first full week of data will be over, the application will show a message asking for participation in the study and acceptance of terms.
Participants will continue using their smartwatch as usual and data will be collected from a period of 2 week for each subject. At the end of the 2-week period a new message will be asking the participant to complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire (HADS) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the total score will be stored.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emmanouil Bakopoulos, MSc | Contact | +306945108313 | info@raivotech.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Kyriakos Karkoulias, Prof. | University Hospital of Patras, Greece | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14592233 | Background | Sforza E, de Saint Hilaire Z, Pelissolo A, Rochat T, Ibanez V. Personality, anxiety and mood traits in patients with sleep-related breathing disorders: effect of reduced daytime alertness. Sleep Med. 2002 Mar;3(2):139-45. doi: 10.1016/s1389-9457(01)00128-9. | |
| 15941867 | Background | Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Calhoun SL, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Excessive daytime sleepiness in a general population sample: the role of sleep apnea, age, obesity, diabetes, and depression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Aug;90(8):4510-5. doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-0035. Epub 2005 Jun 7. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012892 | Sleep Deprivation |
| D000070263 | Sleep Hygiene |
| D000077260 | Sleepiness |
| D003863 | Depression |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D000544 | Alzheimer Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020920 | Dyssomnias |
| D012893 | Sleep Wake Disorders |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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Wake after sleep onset time (WASO).
| 2 weeks |
| Correlation of depression and anxiety symptoms with Sleep Onset Latency (SOL). | Sleep Onset Latency (SOL). | 2 weeks |
| Correlation of depression and anxiety symptoms with Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). | Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). | 2 weeks |
| 31082285 | Background | Horenstein A, Morrison AS, Goldin P, Ten Brink M, Gross JJ, Heimberg RG. Sleep quality and treatment of social anxiety disorder. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2019 Jul;32(4):387-398. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2019.1617854. Epub 2019 May 13. |
| 12914662 | Background | Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003 Aug 1;1:29. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-1-29. |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D003704 | Dementia |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D024801 | Tauopathies |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |