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Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive inflammatory liver disorder of unknown etiology. If left untreated, it progresses to liver cirrhosis and liver failure.
Diagnosis of AIH relies on the exclusion of other causes of liver disease and the presence of positive clinical, biochemical, and histological criteria.
AIH has a very wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from being asymptomatic to an acute severe fulminant disease.
It may be associated with other autoimmune disorders such as thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes, vitiligo, inflammatory bowel disease, or juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Biochemical features of AIH include elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in addition to autoantibodies.
Liver biopsy is recommended in any patient with suspected autoimmune hepatitis where interface hepatitis is the hallmark of the disease.
Immunosuppression is the mainstay of therapy in AIH. Prednisone is administered as the initial therapy either alone or in combination with azathioprine.
Liver transplantation is indicated in patients who develop fulminant hepatic failure that is unresponsive to corticosteroids and in patients who develop end-stage liver disease.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| liver biobsy | Diagnostic Test | all pationt will be subjected yo liver biobsy to confirm diagnosis |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| liver biobsy | to confirm charachterstic features of autoimmune hepatitis in liver biobsy as interface hepatitis portal inflammation | 1 year |
| autoantibody | Autoantibodies will be considered positive and clinically significant when present at a dilution ≥1:20 for antinuclear antibody (ANA) and smooth muscle antibody (SMA) or ≥1:10 for liver kidney microsomal (anti-LKM-1). | 1 year |
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fathy M abdelhahakam, resident | Contact | 01270255316 | fathymohamed@med.sohag.edu.eg | |
| Ashraf M Radwan, assistant professor | Contact |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sohag university Hospital | Sohag | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19561543 | Background | Mieli-Vergani G, Heller S, Jara P, Vergani D, Chang MH, Fujisawa T, Gonzalez-Peralta RP, Kelly D, Mohan N, Shah U, Murray KF. Autoimmune hepatitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2009 Aug;49(2):158-64. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181a1c265. | |
| 25067998 | Background | Maggiore G, Nastasio S, Sciveres M. Juvenile autoimmune hepatitis: Spectrum of the disease. World J Hepatol. 2014 Jul 27;6(7):464-76. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v6.i7.464. |
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| Type | Date | Date Unknown |
|---|---|---|
| Release | Feb 10, 2025 | |
| Reset | Mar 3, 2025 |
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| Release Date | Unrelease Date | Unrelease Date Unknown | Reset Date | MCP Release Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 10, 2025 | Mar 3, 2025 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019693 | Hepatitis, Autoimmune |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006521 | Hepatitis, Chronic |
| D006505 | Hepatitis |
| D008107 | Liver Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
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| 20513004 | Background | Manns MP, Czaja AJ, Gorham JD, Krawitt EL, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, Vierling JM; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology. 2010 Jun;51(6):2193-213. doi: 10.1002/hep.23584. No abstract available. |
| 29644994 | Background | Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, Czaja AJ, Manns MP, Krawitt EL, Vierling JM, Lohse AW, Montano-Loza AJ. Autoimmune hepatitis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018 Apr 12;4:18017. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2018.17. |
| D001327 |
| Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |