Acute heart failure (AHF) is defined as new or worsening of symptoms and signs of heart failure and is the most frequent cause of unplanned hospital admission in elderly patients. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) is one of the most developed prognostic markers for AHR patients and. NT-pro-BNP has limitations in terms of diagnostic or predictive accuracy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Plasma proteomics have the potential to examine underlying pathophysiological and prognostic roles, so we compared the plasma proteomic signature to predict outcomes of patients with or without CKD hospitalized for AHF.

Inclusion Criteria:

• hospitalized for acute heart failure

Exclusion Criteria:

• initial serum NT-proBNP level <300ng/ml, pregnancy, amputated, and end-stage renal disease under regular dialysis

Study participants were recruited from patients admitted to Cheng Hsin General Hospital with the major diagnosis of acute heart failure. After written informed consent was obtained (in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration), patients with age more than 20 were included. Exclusion criteria were initial serum NT-proBNP level <300ng/ml, the presence of amputation, being pregnant, and receiving regular dialysis.