Mechanical Ventilation Reconnection for One Hour After Spontaneous Breathing Trial

Mechanical Ventilation Reconnection for One Hour After Spontaneous Breathing Trial: a Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial

The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility to perform a future larger clinical trial to analyze whether the mechanical ventilation reconnection for 1 hour after a successful spontaneous breathing trial reduces the risk of reintubation or death at 7 days in participants with more than 72 hours of mechanical ventilation. The study will compare two weaning strategies in critically ill participants admitted to intensive care units, with more than 72 hours of mechanical ventilation and with a successful spontaneous breathing trial:

1. Reconnection to mechanical ventilation for 1 hour followed by extubation;
2. Direct extubation.

Follow-up will be until hospital discharge or death.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age > 18 years;
• Admission to the intensive care unit;
• Orotracheal intubation;
• Mechanical ventilation for more than 72 hours;
• Spontaneous breathing trial (according to the study protocol) successful and considered able to be extubated.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients unable to obey commands;
• Unplanned extubation;
• Neuromuscular disease and cervical spinal cord injury;
• Tracheostomy;
• Contraindication for cardiopulmonary resuscitation or reintubation;
• Absence of informed consent.