CARI Health aims to develop a methadone dose taken sensor that provides real-time data on interstitial fluid (ISF) levels that could be used as a methadone adherence monitor for daily doses. Use of such a monitor would allow for the physician, counselor, patient, and family member to remotely verify that a physician prescribed dose has been taken. Such a verification system can allow methadone clinics greater flexibility in the provision of take-home doses and thus retain more patients in the clinic.

Three specific phases and 9 aims are proposed for first-in-human studies of a remote medication monitor for dose taken in patients taking methadone for opiate use disorder.

Phase 1 detection over 3-6 hours (N=10)

Aim 1: Detect methadone and one or more of its metabolites in interstitial fluid (ISF) with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) Aim 2: Correlate in vitro blood-based LC-MS and DPV Scans with Intradermal Microneedle based DPV Scans Aim 3: Accurately identify that a dose of methadone has been taken Aim 4: Determine the frequency and severity of any adverse events up to 6 hours.

Phase 2 detection over 12 hours (N=15)

Aim 5. Quantitate methadone and one or more of its metabolites in ISF with DPV over 12 hrs.

Aim 6: Determine the frequency and severity of any adverse events up to 12 hours

Phase 3 detection over 3 days N=20 ( 15 single dosed subjects, 5 split dosed subjects )

Aim 7. Quantitate methadone and one or more of its metabolites in ISF with DPV over 3 days.

Aim 8. Accurately identify a dose or half a dose has been taken Aim 9: Determine the frequency and severity of any adverse events up to 3 days

Inclusion criteria for methadone group includes:

Age 18-70. A prescription for liquid methadone at a dose of 10mg or more. Taken methadone as prescribed in the last 2 days. Has been prescribed at least 3 take homes

Exclusion criteria for methadone group includes:

Age <18 or >70. A condition preventing or complicating ISF collection. Conditions may include dermatological (skin) condition, immunodeficiency, bleeding diathesis, recent blood donation, anemia, cancer, congestive heart failure, or tuberculosis. Any active severe depression (e.g., suicidal ideation) or mania symptoms.

Pregnancy, or intending to become pregnant during the course of the study. Patients determined to be unstable for enrollment or take homes by the Outpatient Treatment Program (OTP).

Under a conservatorship.

Patients taking methadone for opioid use disorder