Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of hoarseness is known to improve quality of life and treatment outcomes. Therefore, appropriate research on the incidence of hoarseness after surgery is necessary. In this study, investigator aim to investigate incidence of hoarseness after spine surgery and the correlation between the Voice Handicap Index (VHI)-10, used as a criterion, and acoustic parameters, while also validating the efficacy of our research methods.

The primary outcome of this study is the incidence of hoarseness on the day of surgery.

The secondary outcomes include the incidence of hoarseness at one month after surgery, as well as examining the correlation between acoustic parameters, risk factors, and the occurrence of hoarseness.

Investigator conducted a comparative analysis of risk factor for hoarseness in patients with different VHI-10 scores on the day of surgery and 30 days after surgery.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age range is 20 to 80 years old
• degenerative spine conditions
• visit at Seoul National University Hospital only
• Patients who voluntarily consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of surgery around the airway or mediastinum
• patients with vocal cord-related disorders
• Patients with fractures, bleeding, or other trauma
• Patients with neuromuscular diseases, Parkinson's disease, or psychiatric disorders
• Patients who cannot be extubated or who are transferred to the ICU after surgery
• Pregnant women
• Patients who do not wish to participate in the study

Age range is 20 to 80 years old. Patients who require surgical treatment for degenerative spine conditions and visit at Seoul National University Hospital. Patients who voluntarily consent to participate in the study