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Caffeine is a potent central nervous system stimulant that increases the activity in the prefrontal cortex and can improve cognitive skills. An improvement in these cognitive skills can lead to further benefits in athletic performance. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the dose-response of caffeine on cognitive performance.The aim of this research will be to determine the effects of different doses of caffeine on sport-related cognitive aspects.
The investigators will require healthy, physically active young adults to complete three trials under the conditions: a) placebo, b) 3 mg/kg, or c) 6 mg/kg body mass of caffeine. In each trial, different cognitive abilities will be assessed using the following test batteries: reaction time (DynavisionTM D2), anticipation (Bassin Anticipation Timer), sustained attention (Go/No-Go and Eriksen Flanker Test) and memory tests. In addition, side effects and the perceived sensation index will be recorded 24 h after each test.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLACEBO | Placebo Comparator | placebo (0 mg/kg of body mass of caffeine). The capsule will be filled with 3 mg/kg of body mass of cellulose. |
|
| 3mg/kg | Experimental | 3 mg/kg of body mass of caffeine (99% caffeine, Bulkpowders, United Kingdom). |
|
| 6mg/kg | Experimental | 6 mg/kg of body mass of caffeine (99% caffeine, Bulkpowders, United Kingdom). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLACEBO | Dietary Supplement | 3 mg/kg of cellulose (0 mg/kg of caffeine) |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Reaction Time | Reaction time (in seconds) shall be assessed with the Dynavisionâ„¢ D2 Visomotor Device using the "Reaction Time Test". In this test the fastest visual, motor and physical reaction time will be measured. | 10 minutes |
| Anticipation | Visual acuity related to hand-eye coordination and anticipation will be assessed using the Bassin Anticipation Timer instrument. The best anticipation time (in seconds) of each condition (5, 10 and 15 mph) will be taken. | 5 minutes |
| Sustained attention | The ability of maintaining the attention and inhibiting an appropriate response will be measured by "Go/No-Go Test" [fastest, slowest, and average response time (in seconds), and successful attempts (percentage; %)] and "Eriksen Flanker Test" [congruent and incongruent reaction time (in seconds)]. | 10 minutes |
| Memory | To study the modulation of memory storage processes, three 20-item word lists were created. Each word in the list will be presented for 5 s. This will be followed by a 100 s memory consolidation interval, after which there will be a 120 s period in which as many words as the participants can remember will be written down (First time). After 15 min, participants will perform a recall task (Second time) in which they will have to rewrite all the words they remember at that time. | 20 minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Javier Abián-Vicén, PhD | University of Castilla-La Mancha | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Performance and Sport Rehabilitation Laboratory | Toledo | 45071 | Spain |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39231871 | Derived | Ramirez-delaCruz M, Esteban-Garcia P, Abian P, Bravo-Sanchez A, Pinas-Bonilla I, Abian-Vicen J. Effects of different doses of caffeine on cognitive performance in healthy physically active individuals. Eur J Nutr. 2024 Dec;63(8):3025-3035. doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03486-9. Epub 2024 Sep 4. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002110 | Caffeine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014970 | Xanthines |
| D000470 | Alkaloids |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D011688 | Purinones |
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To achieve the blinded placebo situation, a researcher not associated with the study will be performed the blinding and prepared identical capsules containing placebo or the corresponding dose of caffeine. This researcher will be assigned an alphanumeric code to each trial to blind participants and investigators
| 3 mg/kg of caffeine |
| Dietary Supplement |
Ingestion of 3 mg/kg of body mass of caffeine |
|
| 6 mg/kg of caffeine | Dietary Supplement | Ingestion of 6 mg/kg of body mass of caffeine |
|
| D011687 |
| Purines |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |