Patients undergoing urological surgery often need to be provided with targeted nursing care to ensure that the therapeutic effects can be fully realized, however, the traditional nursing cannot reach the expect effect.both patient outcome and nurse satisfaction have been reported with high levels of dissatisfaction in the traditional nursing. Therefore, exploring a new, patient-centered and effective nursing mode is needed. In 2010, the Chinese Ministry of Health proposed a project named the High-Quality Care Project to improve nurse and patient outcomes through the transformation of the nursing care delivery system in hospitals. This study aims to compare the new nursing model and the traditional nursing, and to explore a more effective nursing model for urological surgery.

Patients who underwent urological disease diagnosed and treated in our department were included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups through the random number table method, with a 1:1 ratio. The control group received traditional urological care. The study group comprised 3 subgroups, and each subgroup received different nursing model. All the three new nursing models, including high-quality nursing (primary nursing), Clinical care pathway, and Roy adaptation model.were given to the subgroups respectively.

High-quality nursing refers to effective nursing measures in multiple aspects and dimensions, provided to patients according to their actual conditions by centering on the patients throughout their ongoing treatment, strengthening the primary nursing care, and fully implementing the nursing responsibility including managing complications and providing long-term support and information, to ensure patient satisfaction and to improve the patient's quality of life. Clinical care pathway includes multidisciplinary care plans that provides detailed guidelines for patients with specific clinical problems, and the Roy adaptation model (RAM), proposed by nursing scientist Sister Callista Roy in 1970, offers a comprehensive framework to guide nursing care for patients with chronic diseases.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. patients with a definite diagnosis of urological disease confirmed by pathological examination or imaging;
2. patients with definite surgical indications;
3. patients with complete follow-up information.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction or serious organic lesions in other organs;
2. patients with associated lymph node and distant metastases;
3. patients who withdrew during the study;
4. patients with incomplete case and follow-up data.