This study is designed to evaluate whether commercially-available swim self-rescue schools are effective to teach children ages 12-23 months to stay safely alive floating in the water (or grasping the pool's edge) without adult intervention. The investigators will measure children's water self-rescue skills at baseline and then they will engage in commercially-available training over the course of several weeks. The investigators will then measure their skills again. Assessments will be conducted using a standardized protocol with a certified lifeguard present. Parents will also complete a short survey concerning child and family demographics and child and family swim and lifeguard training experience.

Inclusion Criteria:

• child ages 12-23 months
• enrolled in self-rescue course at participating swim facility

Exclusion Criteria:

• medical conditions counter-indicating training in water
• previous experience in self-rescue swim courses

We will share de-identified data with qualified researchers upon request.

Data will become available after all primary results are published. They will remain available for at least 3 years.

Contact Study PI David Schwebel.

children ages 12-23 months

About 5 minutes at baseline assessment and about 10 minutes during post-intervention assessment at week 4

Does not differ from clinicaltrials.gov definitions.