The Effect of Upper Extremity Telerehabilitation on Balance and Gait

The Effect of Upper Extremity Telerehabilitation on Balance and Gait in Parkinson's Patients

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a disease that affects the upper extremity functional skills with clinical findings such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and hypokinesia and causes limitations in the daily living activities of the patients. The influence of fine dexterity, reaching, and grasping movements greatly affects the daily living activities of the patients. Medical treatment and surgical approaches are frequently used among the treatment options for PD today. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation approaches for progressive functional loss in PD, together with optimal medical and surgical treatment, form the basis of PD treatment. Recently, it has been stated that intensive and task-specific rehabilitation interventions in the field of physiotherapy and rehabilitation will be more effective than traditional rehabilitation approaches. On the other hand, telerehabilitation approaches, the use of which has increased rapidly due to technological developments in recent times, enables the delivery of rehabilitation services to patients in distant places by using communication technologies. For this purpose, it is highly valuable to implement a task-oriented training (TOT) program based on motor learning-based principles, which consists of intense exercise content, through telerehabilitation. Although there are very few studies investigating the effectiveness of telerehabilitation-based TOT in PD, these studies have shown that upper extremity motor performance, activities of daily living, and quality of life are improved. On the other hand, no study has been found showing the effect of upper extremity TOT applied through telerehabilitation on balance and walking. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the effectiveness of telerehabilitation-based TOT exercises on balance and walking.

This study is a randomized controlled study. The patients will be randomly divided into two groups exercise and control. Balance and walking exercises consisting of 3 days a week for 6 weeks will be given to both groups as a home program. In addition, the exercise group will receive Task-oriented Training (TOT) based telerehabilitation via video conferencing 3 days a week for 6 weeks. TOT will be formed from daily life activities such as reaching out, grasping, writing, and manual skills, which are frequently used in daily life. As the outcome measures, disease severity, and disability, balance, and gait will be evaluated.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 40- 80 years of age
• Having diagnosed with "Parkinson's Disease" by a specialist physician
• Having between 1-3 stages according to the Hoehn and Yahr Scale
• Mini-Mental Test score more than or equal 24

Exclusion Criteria:

- Any orthopedic, vision, hearing, cardiovascular, or perception problems that may affect the research results