Despite worldwide efforts to promote HIV testing, rates of testing remain low. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acceptability, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of confidential SMS-based social network referrals for HIV testing as a means of reaching high-risk individuals and prompting them to test for HIV. To accomplish this purpose, the study has 5 specific aims:

Aim 1 will conduct qualitative, formative work to identify desirable provider- and client-side characteristics of a confidential SMS-based HIV testing referral system.

Aim 2 will adapt an existing mHealth system (mParis) to add CONSORT functionality.

Aim 3 will pilot-test the CONSORT system to collect preliminary data on the system's acceptability, performance, and potential efficacy.

Aim 4 will evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of CONSORT in a randomized controlled trial.

Aim 5 will evaluate the incremental cost-effectiveness of CONSORT vs. other referral options.

If CONSORT is shown to be acceptable, effective, and cost-effective, such mobile-phone supported, chain-referral methods could greatly improve the cost-effectiveness of HIV testing efforts.

No additional detail available

Inclusion criteria:

• at least 18 years old
• live, work, or regularly receive care in Moshi, Tanzania
• literate

Exclusion criteria:

• under age 18 years
• does not live, work, or regularly receive care in Moshi, Tanzania
• illiterate

All investigators are committed to managing and distributing original data and results to enable subsequent availability to the scientific community, policy makers, and other stakeholders. Final research data including metadata and descriptors may be made available after publication of study findings through a CONSORT data repository. Researchers may access data by request to the Principal Investigators. Access will be provided subject to Tanzanian and US rules, laws, regulations and policies and consistent with institutional review board approvals and consent documents. If conditions prevent making some data elements available (e.g., third party data), relevant publications and presentations will be provided.

After publication of study findings

Access will be provided subject to Tanzanian and US rules, laws, regulations and policies and consistent with institutional review board approvals and consent documents. If conditions prevent making some data elements available (e.g., third party data), relevant publications and presentations will be provided.