study the risk factors of thrombosis in thrombosed arteriovenous fistula in patients on regular hemodialysis

The number of patients being treated for kidney failure continues to increase every year at a significantly higher rate than that of the world population.

The main renal replacement therapy was hemodialysis (HD) in 57% patients and peritoneal dialysis in 5% patients, while 37% patients underwent a functional kidney transplant.

Native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is currently the best VA when technically feasible, according to the international dialysis guidelines.

Hemodialysis vascular access failure is the dominant cause of morbidity and the major cost of care for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients .

Complications such as thrombosis of VA remain the main problem for many patients with kidney failure.

Since 1994, prospective and case-control studies have explored the relationship between risk factors and arteriovenous fistula thrombus (AVFT) in patients undergoing HD .

Until now, these studies and reviews have revealed that numerous risk factors are associated with AVFT .

Risk factors like arterio-venous graft, age, female sex, C-reactive protein level, fistula site (distal), hypertension and the use of eprex can be associated with AVFT, and this knowledge advances the understanding of AVFT, facilitates multivariable risk prediction profiling, and lays the foundation for future preventive strategies .

Inclusion Criteria:

• All patients on maintenance hemodialysis treatment at the dialysis unit of the department of nephrology in Assiut University Hospital .

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with known other risk factors of thrombosis, e.g., malignancy, pregnancy, cocs and nephrotic syndrome.

patients on maintenance hemodialysis treatment at the dialysis unit of the department of nephrology in Assiut University Hospital .