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The aim of this study is to determine the acute effects of motor imagery exercises on fetal heart rate, uterine contractions, maternal heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation and well-being in high-risk pregnant women.
Bed rest is often recommended in high-risk pregnant women to prevent complications from reaching dangerous levels.
Pregnant women recommended bed rest can benefit from exercise in order to overcome this process more easily, to reduce the negative consequences of inactivity and to prevent possible risks.
However, there may be differences between the view of high-risk pregnant women and the view of healthy pregnant women. Motor imagery refers to a mental process in which an individual mentally imagines that movement without actually eliciting an active movement. Studies have shown that similar brain regions are activated during movement performance and movement imagery. It has been reported in the literature that progressive relaxation exercises performed under mental/motor imagery guidance in healthy pregnant women and pregnant women lead to an improvement in maternal anxiety, stress and fetal attachment scales and a decrease in maternal systolic/diastolic blood pressure. However, as far as the investigators know, there is no study that applies the exercise protocol that can be given to healthy pregnant women to high-risk pregnant women with motor imagery and examines acute responses on fetal and maternal parameters.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Motor Imagery Group | Experimental | Risky pregnant women who have completed the 12th week of pregnancy, received inpatient treatment and have any of the following risk factors will be included in the study:
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| Control Group | Active Comparator | Risky pregnant women who have completed the 12th week of pregnancy, received inpatient treatment and have any of the following risk factors will be included in the study:
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motor imagery | Other | Motor imagery will be performed according to the PETTLEP (Physical,Environment,Task,Time,Learn,Emotion,Perspective) model for 15 minutes.
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal self well-being | Well-being will be assessed on a numbered classification scale-11. '0' indicates worse self well-being, '10' indicates excellent self well-being. | at baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal self well-being | Well-being will be assessed on a numbered classification scale-11. '0' indicates worse self well-being, '10' indicates excellent self well-being. | immediately after intervention |
| Maternal heart rate |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Risky pregnant women who have completed the 12th week of pregnancy, received inpatient treatment and have any of the following risk factors will be included in the study:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Seda Yakıt Yeşilyurt, PT, PhD | Izmir University of Economics | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Sciences University İzmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic | Izmir | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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This is a prospective randomized controlled study.
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| Diaphragmatic breathing | Other | Diaphragmatic breathing will be shown to pregnant women in the supine position, eyes closed, with one hand on the chest and the other hand on the abdomen. This practice will last for five minutes. |
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Heart rate measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer.
| at baseline |
| Maternal heart rate | Heart rate measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer. | in the 7th minutes of the intervention |
| Maternal heart rate | Heart rate measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer. | immediately after intervention |
| Maternal blood pressure (systolic pressure) | Blood pressure measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed. | at baseline |
| Maternal blood pressure (systolic pressure) | Blood pressure measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed. | in the 7th minutes of the intervention |
| Maternal blood pressure (systolic pressure) | Blood pressure measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed. | immediately after intervention |
| Maternal blood pressure (diastolic pressure) | Blood pressure measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed. | at baseline |
| Maternal blood pressure (diastolic pressure) | Blood pressure measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed. | in the 7th minutes of the intervention |
| Maternal blood pressure (diastolic pressure) | Blood pressure measurements will be made with an arm type digital sphygmomanometer. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure will be assessed. | immediately after intervention |
| oxygen saturation | Finger type pulse oximeter will be attached and peripheral oxygen saturation will be monitored. | at baseline |
| oxygen saturation | Finger type pulse oximeter will be attached and peripheral oxygen saturation will be monitored. | in the 7th minutes of the intervention |
| oxygen saturation | Finger type pulse oximeter will be attached and peripheral oxygen saturation will be monitored. | immediately after intervention |
| Fetal Heart Rate | Fetal heart rate will be monitored with a cardiotachometer (Philips Avalon Fetal Monitor). | at baseline |
| Fetal Heart Rate | Fetal heart rate will be monitored with a cardiotachometer (Philips Avalon Fetal Monitor). | in the 7th minutes of the intervention |
| Fetal Heart Rate | Fetal heart rate will be monitored with a cardiotachometer (Philips Avalon Fetal Monitor). | immediately after intervention |
| Uterine contractions severity | Uterine contractions severity will be monitored with a cardiotachometer (Philips Avalon Fetal Monitor). | at baseline |
| Uterine contractions severity | Uterine contractions severity will be monitored with a cardiotachometer (Philips Avalon Fetal Monitor). | in the 7th minutes of the intervention |
| Uterine contractions severity | Uterine contractions severity will be monitored with a cardiotachometer (Philips Avalon Fetal Monitor). | immediately after intervention |