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Skin pores (SP), as they are called by laymen, are common and benign features mostly located on the face (nose, cheeks, etc) that generate many aesthetic concerns or complaints.
Enlarged skin pores refer to conditions that present with visible topographic changes of skin surfaces. Although not a medical concern, enlarged pores are a cosmetic concern for a large number of individuals.
Enlarged facial pores affect individuals of different ages, sexes, and races for which many seek treatment. The exact patho-mechanism of enlarged facial pores is not completely understood. Possible causes include genetic predisposition, seborrhea, aging, increased ultraviolet exposure and comedogenic products.
The treatment of dilated facial pores is difficult, and the ideal modality is not established yet. Many treatment modalities reduce facial pores' count and area, including oral and topical medications as well as different wavelengths of laser. Different ablative and non ablative lasers have been used in the treatment of dilated pores with variable outcomes.
The short-term results showed that treatment with low energy level CO2 fractional laser therapy could be a safe and effective option for patients with Fitzpatrick skin Types III and IV who are concerned with enlarged pores.
Microbotox also called mesobotox, is the injection of multiple microdroplets of diluted onabotulinum toxin A into the upper dermis. It has been previously used in study to decrease pore size and to improve skin texture.
Microbotox has been proved to be effective in improving the sheen and texture of the skin, as well as decreasing sweat and sebum production and enlarged pores as it causes atrophy of sebaceous glands, which subsequently causes tightening of the skin envelope.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microbotox injection | Experimental | 21 Egyptian patients with wide facial pores will be treated in a split-face manner. In this side of the face will received single session of microbotox injection contains 20 units of botulinum toxin A. |
|
| Fractional carbon dioxide laser in second side of the face | Experimental | 21 Egyptian patients with wide facial pores will be treated in a split-face manner. In this side will be treated by Two sessions of the fractional CO2 laser on this side of the face at 4-weeks intervals. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| microbotox | Drug | Will be treated by single session of microbotox injection |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| pore score | evaluation of facial pores after four weeks of second session by pore score: score "0" referred to absence of visible pores. score "1" referred to patients with visible pores. score "2" referred to patient with enlarged pores. score "3" referred to patient with black heads when embedded on facial pores. | three months |
| sebum score | evaluation the degree of seborea after four weeks of second session by sebum score: 0 (dry skin)
| three months |
| Quartile improvement scale | assessment the improvement after four weeks of first session and after four weeks of second session by Quartile improvement scale: 0 = No improvement
| three months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Likert satisfaction scale |
| three months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahmed AE Ibrahim | Contact | 01200889665 | ahmedalaa12494@gmail.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Dalia A Ahmed, professor | Assiut University | Study Director |
| Howida O Mahmoud, lecturer | Assiut University | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25733918 | Background | Flament F, Francois G, Qiu H, Ye C, Hanaya T, Batisse D, Cointereau-Chardon S, Seixas MD, Dal Belo SE, Bazin R. Facial skin pores: a multiethnic study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2015 Feb 16;8:85-93. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S74401. eCollection 2015. | |
| 26918966 | Background | Lee SJ, Seok J, Jeong SY, Park KY, Li K, Seo SJ. Facial Pores: Definition, Causes, and Treatment Options. Dermatol Surg. 2016 Mar;42(3):277-85. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000000657. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012868 | Skin Abnormalities |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019274 | Botulinum Toxins, Type A |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001905 | Botulinum Toxins |
| D008666 | Metalloendopeptidases |
| D010450 | Endopeptidases |
| D010447 | Peptide Hydrolases |
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| fractional carbon dioxide laser | Radiation | Two sessions of the fractional CO2 laser on this side of the face at 4-weeks intervals |
|
| 34255869 | Background | Tarek E, Mostafa WZ, Allam RSHM, El-Samanoudy SI, Saadi DG. Short-pulsed and Q-switched ND-YAG laser with topical carbon versus fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of enlarged facial pores: A split-face comparative study. Lasers Surg Med. 2022 Feb;54(2):237-244. doi: 10.1002/lsm.23454. Epub 2021 Jul 13. |
| 34169628 | Background | Eldeeb F, Wahid RM, Alakad R. Fractional carbon dioxide laser versus carbon-assisted Q-switched Nd: YAG laser in the treatment of dilated facial pores. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Dec;20(12):3917-3923. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14311. Epub 2021 Jul 1. |
| 28902036 | Background | Kwon HH, Choi SC, Lee WY, Jung JY, Park GH. Clinical and Histological Evaluations of Enlarged Facial Skin Pores After Low Energy Level Treatments With Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser in Korean Patients. Dermatol Surg. 2018 Mar;44(3):405-412. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000001313. |
| 32799408 | Background | Ahmed El Attar Y, Nofal A. Microbotox for the treatment of wide facial pores: A promising therapeutic approach. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 May;20(5):1361-1366. doi: 10.1111/jocd.13675. Epub 2020 Sep 27. |
| 36606384 | Background | Salem RM, Salah SAE, Ibrahim SE. Microbotox injection versus its topical application following microneedling in the treatment of wide facial pores: A split face comparative study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023 Apr;22(4):1249-1255. doi: 10.1111/jocd.15590. Epub 2023 Jan 6. |
| 31865815 | Background | Sayed KS, Hegazy R, Gawdat HI, Abdel Hay RM, Ahmed MM, Mohammed FN, Allam R, Fahim A. The efficacy of intradermal injections of botulinum toxin in the management of enlarged facial pores and seborrhea: a split face-controlled study. J Dermatolog Treat. 2021 Nov;32(7):771-777. doi: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1708241. Epub 2020 Jan 3. |
| 23098639 | Background | Saedi N, Petrell K, Arndt K, Dover J. Evaluating facial pores and skin texture after low-energy nonablative fractional 1440-nm laser treatments. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013 Jan;68(1):113-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.08.041. Epub 2012 Oct 23. |
| D006867 |
| Hydrolases |
| D004798 | Enzymes |
| D045762 | Enzymes and Coenzymes |
| D045726 | Metalloproteases |
| D001426 | Bacterial Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D001427 | Bacterial Toxins |
| D014118 | Toxins, Biological |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |