While doing Costophrenic assist: at the end of expiration, the therapist gives a quick stretch to the diaphragm and intercostals to facilitate more complete inhalation by compressing the chest at the costophrenic angle toward the central tendon of the diaphragm. This is done several times to fill the lungs. The patient is then instructed to hold the air in the lungs. As the patient gets ready to cough, the therapist performs a diaphragmatic assist by applying a strong pressure up and in toward the central tendon

Anterior chest compression: the therapist places one arm across the patient's pectorals and the other parallel to it on the lower abdomen. After the patient takes a maximal breath, the therapist pushes down to help the patient cough. The greatest force is applied through the lower chest during expulsion

Therapist places the hands on the costophrenic angles of the patient's rib cage. During the patient's inspiration, the therapist applies a series of three repeated quick-stretch contractions down and in to encourage maximal inspiration. At the end of expiration, the therapist applies a quick stretch down and in on the patient's lower chest to facilitate a stronger diaphragmatic and intercostal muscle contraction. While instructing the patient to cough, the therapist applies strong pressure through the hands in toward the central tendon of the patient's diaphragm

The breathlessness, cough and sputum scale (BCSS) are a three-item scale that rates symptoms of dyspnea, cough and sputum on a Likert scale from 0 (no symptoms) to 4 (severe symptoms)

The most popular tool for evaluating symptoms of breathlessness is the Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale. RPE scales, despite being a subjective gauge of exercise intensity, are useful when utilised properly. The RPE scale has a 0 to10 scale with 0 being no exertion and 10 being maximum effort

A peak flow meter must be used by blowing forcefully into it. In liters per minute, the meter measures the forced air flow. When you exhale, the indicator on the device moves and gives you a reading on a scale of 1 to 10. When a person's airway function changes, it may be a sign that their asthma or COPD symptoms are getting worse. This is where a peak flow meter is useful

The oxygen saturation level of your blood can be measured with a non-invasive procedure called pulse oximetry. It can quickly identify even minute variations in oxygen levels. These levels demonstrate how well blood transports oxygen to your arms and legs, which are the extremities that are farthest from your heart