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To determine the combined effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and electrical muscle stimulation on spasticity and hand function in stroke patients.
It will be a randomized controlled trial. The stroke patients aged between 30-70 years will be included in this study. Participants will be selected with non-probability convenience sampling technique. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups by lottery method i.e experimental group and control group. The experimental group will receive proprioceptive neuromuscular technique (contract relax-10 repetition) (5-min) and electrical muscle stimulation(10 min) as 15 min session 3 times a week for four weeks while the control group will receive only conventional therapy. The outcome measure will be calculated by modified barthel index, modified ashworth scale and wolf motor function test.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| experimental group | Experimental | patients in this group will receive contract relax exercises along with EMS |
|
| control group | Active Comparator | patients in groups B will receive conventional therapy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| experimental group | Other | Patients will receive Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (contract-relax) technique with EMS |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Modified Barthel Index: | It is used for assessing the activities of daily living. It is composed of 10 questions that link the degree of independence to daily living activities. Collin et, al; proposed amendment in 1988, in which each domain was scored in one-point increments, ranging from 0 to 2 or 3 for each activity with a maximum score of 20 suggesting functional independence. It is highly reliable and has a good correlation with other disability measures. | 9 months |
| Modified Ashworth Scale: | Modified Ashworth Scale: It is used to assess the spasticity in patients of stroke or spinal cord injury. Scores range from 0 to 4, where lower scores represent normal muscle tone and higher scores represent spasticity. It is characterized by exaggerated deep tendon reflexes that interfere with muscular activity, gait, movement, or speech. It has excellent validity and reliability. | 9 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Zeest Hashmi, MSNMPT | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Riphah International University | Islamabad | Fedral | 44000 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25104481 | Background | Hankey GJ. The global and regional burden of stroke. Lancet Glob Health. 2013 Nov;1(5):e239-40. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70095-0. Epub 2013 Oct 24. No abstract available. | |
| 8291967 | Background | Faghri PD, Rodgers MM, Glaser RM, Bors JG, Ho C, Akuthota P. The effects of functional electrical stimulation on shoulder subluxation, arm function recovery, and shoulder pain in hemiplegic stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 Jan;75(1):73-9. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020521 | Stroke |
| D020886 | Somatosensory Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D035061 | Control Groups |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015340 | Epidemiologic Research Design |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D012107 | Research Design |
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patients will be allocated to two groups by randomization. Patients in Group A will receive Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (contract-relax) technique & EMS patients in Group B will receive conventional therapy.
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| control group | Other | Patients will receive conventional therapy. |
|
| 24377757 | Background | Rong W, Tong KY, Hu XL, Ho SK. Effects of electromyography-driven robot-aided hand training with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on hand control performance after chronic stroke. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2015 Mar;10(2):149-59. doi: 10.3109/17483107.2013.873491. Epub 2013 Dec 31. |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D012678 | Sensation Disorders |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D008722 | Methods |