Mulligan technique (MWM) involves the therapist using a belt around the humeral head to guide appropriate gliding while the patient moves their shoulder actively through the range. The therapist applies pressure to the scapula in a counter direction.

Regarding the cervical spine, the second technique, Cervical Self-Natural Apophyseal Glides (SNAG), involves the therapist standing behind the patient and applying force to the spinous process of each vertebra using a thumb-over-thumb technique.

The examiner passively abducts the arm in the horizontal plane until the first barrier to motion by applying pressure to the distal humerus. This passive stretch will be held for three seconds.

Regarding the shoulder joint, the Mulligan technique (MWM) involves the therapist using a belt around the humeral head to guide appropriate gliding while the patient moves their shoulder actively through the range. The therapist applies pressure to the scapula in a counter direction. This technique is usually performed for five sets of five repetitions with one minute of rest between sets in a sitting position.

Regarding the cervical spine, the second technique, Cervical Self-Natural Apophyseal Glides (SNAG), involves the therapist standing behind the patient and applying force to the spinous process of each vertebra using a thumb-over-thumb technique. The patient actively performs repeated flexion or extension of their neck, returning back to the neutral position.

The examiner passively abduct the arm in the horizontal plane until the first barrier to motion by applying pressure to the distal humerus. This passive stretch will be held for three seconds. The examiner then instruct the participant to attempt to horizontally adduct the test arm at 25% of their maximal effort while the examiner applies manual resistance at the distal humerus to create an isometric contraction lasting five seconds. The participant then actively abduct the arm in the horizontal plane for a three-second active-assisted stretch.

The examiner passively abducts the arm in the horizontal plane until the first barrier to motion by applying pressure to the distal humerus. The participant then actively abduct the arm in the horizontal plane for a three-second active-assisted stretch.

Regarding the cervical spine, the second technique, Cervical Self-Natural Apophyseal Glides (SNAG), involves the therapist standing behind the patient and applying force to the spinous process of each vertebra using a thumb-over-thumb technique. The patient actively performs repeated flexion or extension of their neck, returning back to the neutral position. The passive gliding is maintained in the anterosuperior direction along the facet joint line while flexing or extending the neck throughout the range.

). This tool is recognized as valid and reliable for this purpose and requires the patient to move their affected shoulder in various directions while keeping their feet fixed in place

The women participants were positioned in a comfortable stance, and anatomical markers will be attached to specific points such as the tragus and both acromions. Their photographs will be captured and later analyzed using the PAS/SAPO software to record the cervical angle and horizontal alignment of the acromions. A forward head position was identified by an angle less than 50°. This method has been demonstrated to be reliable and valid for identifying forward head positions

The Arabic version of the Quick-DASH questionnaire includes 11 items, which inquire about the patient's difficulty in performing physical activities related to the upper extremity, the severity of pain and tingling, and the impact of the problem on social activities, work, and sleep. Each item includes five response options, ranging from no difficulty to being unable to perform the activity. If at least 10 items are answered, their responses are added to create a raw score, which is then transformed to a 0-100 scale.