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Dysmenorrhea is more common among women of reproductive age, as it affects their quality of life and limit their daily activities and normal functioning. The estimates of dysmenorrhea from research conducted all around the world varied widely, from 20% to 90%. This study is planned to determine the effects of KT on clinical symptoms, QOL and academic performance of students with Primary dysmenorrhea.
Literature suggested that kinesio tape technique, one of the effective physiotherapy technique, used for Primary dysmenorrhea, to stimulate muscle movements, assist weak muscles (fascia and soft tissue), reduce discomfort and muscle cramps, facilitate proprioceptive input, boost lymph and blood flow, and relieve pain. This will be a randomized controlled trial, with three groups.
Participants in the experimental group will receive therapeutic tape on the sacral and suprapubic regions with the Star shape and ligament with general physical therapy session. Sham group (ST) group will receive sham taping with general physical therapy session. Participants in Control group (CG) will receive only general physical therapy session.
All groups will be assessed at baseline, at 8th week and 12th week for clinical symptoms, QOL and academic performance.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| KT Group | Experimental | This group will receive Abdominal KT tape (From initial 4 h to 72 h of menstruation). General physio session will also be given to this group. |
|
| ST Group | Sham Comparator | This group will receive Abdominal KT tape (without strech) from initial 4 h to 72 h of menstruation. General physio session will also be given to this group. |
|
| CT Group | Other | this group will receive General physical therapy session including Hot pack (3-5min) and General body stretching(stretching of neck & upper trapezius, arm & shoulder girdle, triceps brachii, teres major & minor, quadriceps muscle iliopsoas muscle, adductors muscle, hamstrings muscle) 30-45 sec each, for 7-10 min, (0-4 week) ,45-60sec each, for 10-15 min(4-8week), 15-20 min(8-12week) will be repeated 2 times/day. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KinesioTape | Other | The kinesio tape technique, one of the physiotherapy techniques, is an elastic thin band, water-resistant, air-permeable framework to stimulate muscle movements, assist weak muscles (fascia and soft tissue), reduce discomfort and muscle cramps, facilitate proprioceptive input, boost lymph and blood flow, and relieve pain. Participants in the KT group will receive therapeutic tape on the sacral and suprapubic regions with the Star shape and ligament technique (From initial 4 h to 72 h of the menstruation cycle) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale | It is a numeric rating scale from 0 to 10 where 0 represents "no pain" and 10 represents the "worst possible pain.it is used to rate the pain intensity in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. | Changes from Baseline to 8th week |
| Visual Analog Scale | It is a numeric rating scale from 0 to 10 where 0 represents "no pain" and 10 represents the "worst possible pain.it is used to rate the pain intensity in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. | Changes from 8th week to 12th week |
| Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire | The Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire, a psychometric test, underwent a correlational analysis to determine test-retest reliability. All the items had reliability coefficients equal to or greater than 0.648, and the average coefficient based on Z-score transformation 0.78. It will be used to measure the severity of dysmenorrhea symptoms. | Changes from Baseline to 8th week |
| Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire | The Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire, a psychometric test, underwent a correlational analysis to determine test-retest reliability. All the items had reliability coefficients equal to or greater than 0.648, and the average coefficient based on Z-score transformation 0.78. It will be used to measure the severity of dysmenorrhea symptoms. | Changes from 8th week to 12th week |
| Health-related life quality | Health-related life quality using the Short Form-36 will be used to measure the pre-post quality of life of the participants and it's a valid and reliable tool used in majority of researches to measure the quality of life. | Changes from Baseline to 8th week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Structured 20-items Academic Performance questionnaire | It is a 20 items questionnaire, divided under 5 subheadings, in a form of check list "yes or No" response, was developed to measure the impacts of menstrual symptoms on academic performance. | Changes from Baseline to 8th week |
| Self-Structured 20-items Academic Performance questionnaire |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Huma Riaz, PHD* | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iman girl hostels | Islamabad | 46000 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32379659 | Background | Dogan H, Eroglu S, Akbayrak T. The effect of kinesio taping and lifestyle changes on pain, body awareness and quality of life in primary dysmenorrhea. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 May;39:101120. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101120. Epub 2020 Feb 22. | |
| Background | Raju J, Suguna M. A study to assess the effect of menstrual symptoms on academic performance among nursing students at selected colleges in Tamil Nadu, India. Int J Appl Res. 2017;3(3):78-80. | ||
| 34442453 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055052 | Athletic Tape |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001458 | Bandages |
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
| D009989 | Orthotic Devices |
| D009983 | Orthopedic Equipment |
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|
| Sham Tape | Other | This group will receive KT tapping without stretch on the sacral and suprapubic region. |
|
| General Physio session | Other | General physical therapy session including Hot pack (3-5min) and General body stretching(stretching of neck & upper trapezius, arm & shoulder girdle, triceps brachii, teres major & minor, quadriceps muscle iliopsoas muscle, adductors muscle, hamstrings muscle) 30-45 sec each, for 7-10 min, (0-4 week) ,45-60sec each, for 10-15 min(4-8week), 15-20 min(8-12week) will be repeated 2 times/day. |
|
| Health-related life quality |
Health-related life quality using the Short Form-36 will be used to measure the pre-post quality of life of the participants and it's a valid and reliable tool used in majority of researches to measure the quality of life. |
| Changes from 8th week to 12th week |
It is a 20 items questionnaire, divided under 5 subheadings, in a form of check list "yes or No" response, was developed to measure the impacts of menstrual symptoms on academic performance. |
| Changes from 8th week to 12th week |
| Background |
| Mejias-Gil E, Garrido-Ardila EM, Montanero-Fernandez J, Jimenez-Palomares M, Rodriguez-Mansilla J, Gonzalez Lopez-Arza MV. Kinesio Taping vs. Auricular Acupressure for the Personalised Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhoea: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pers Med. 2021 Aug 19;11(8):809. doi: 10.3390/jpm11080809. |
| 32379680 | Background | Toprak Celenay S, Kavalci B, Karakus A, Alkan A. Effects of kinesio tape application on pain, anxiety, and menstrual complaints in women with primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized sham-controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 May;39:101148. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101148. Epub 2020 Mar 18. |
| D013523 |
| Surgical Equipment |