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The Objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of sensory integration training on balance and confidence in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Null Hypothesis:
Sensory integration training and conventional balance training have no significant difference in improving balance and confidence of patients with Parkinson's disease.
Alternative Hypothesis:
Sensory integration training and conventional balance training have a significant difference in improving balance and confidence in patients with Parkinson's disease.
The study design will be randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria will be identified by individual physiotherapist and will be enrolled for particular study. A sample size of 46 patients will be taken in this study by expecting a mean change 10.42 using 80% power of study and 95% level of significance and 20% dropout will also be included. So each group contains 23 participants.
The study will be single blinded. The outcome assessor will be unaware of the treatment given to both groups. Sample will be collected through simple random sampling technique, and randomization sequencing will be generated with help of lottery. After selection the sample patients will be divided into two groups, allocation concealment will be ensured by using sealed envelopes. Group A will be given conventional balance training along with routine physical therapy without sensory integration and Group B will be given sensory integration physical therapy along with routine physical therapy. Group A will be called control group and Group B will be called experimental group. Every patient has to pick up an envelope which will be placed in patient's file which later will be opened by the researcher who will provide patient treatment accordingly.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Routine Physical therapy along with Coordination exercises | Active Comparator | The Control group training will consist of active joint mobilization, muscle stretching, motor coordination exercises and additionally will receive 30-minute general balance training. Active joint mobilization will be carried out with the patient in the supine, prone (if possible), or sitting positions. Muscle stretching will be carried out mainly in the supine, prone (if possible), and standing positions. Motor coordination exercises will be carried out in a supine position, sitting and standing positions. |
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| sensory Integration training group along with Routine physical therapy | Experimental | experimental group training will consist of active joint mobilization, muscle stretching, motor coordination exercises and additionally 30 minutes of sensory integration therapy. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensory integration training | Other | Sitting position:
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Berg Balance Scale (BBS): | The BBS is a 14-item validated scale that assesses static and dynamic Balance disorders in individuals with Parkinson's disease (score range, 0-56; higher=better performance). The items explore the ability to sit, stand, lean, turn, and maintain the upright position on one leg. Performance of these tasks depends on central integration processes to select specific response strategies which, in turn, depend on the characteristics of external postural displacement and goals | the change in the ability to balance in individual at baseline, 6th and 12th week |
| Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC): | This validated and reliable self-reported measure evaluates the patient's perceived level of balance confidence in performing various ambulatory activities without falling or experiencing a sense of instability. The overall score is calculated by adding the item scores and then dividing by the total number of items (score range, 0-100 points per activity; higher=more confident. | the change in the ability to balance in individual at baseline, 6th and 12th week |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Momna Asghar, MsPTN | Contact | +92336249488 | momna2april@gnmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ganga Raam Hopital | Recruiting | Lahore | Punjab Province | Pakistan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010300 | Parkinson Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020734 | Parkinsonian Disorders |
| D001480 | Basal Ganglia Diseases |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
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| Routine physical therapy | Other | It consist of active joint mobilization, muscle stretching, motor coordination exercises and general balance training |
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| General coordination exercise | Other | In supine lying:
In sitting:
In standing: Patient performs 10 repetitions of
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| the Univerity of Lahore Teaching hospital | Recruiting | Lahore | Punjab Province | Pakistan |
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| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D009069 | Movement Disorders |
| D000080874 | Synucleinopathies |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |