This 50-minute program included a 10-minute warm-up phase (treadmill walking at a comfortable speed), 30 minutes of stretching exercises for (glutei, paraspinal muscles, hamstring, pectoralis, scalenus, intercostal muscles, and trapezius), and a 10-minute cool-down involving self-stretching and respiratory exercises.

pulsed Nd: YAG laser device (HIRO 3.0; ASA Laser, Arcugnano, Italy). This equipment delivers pulsed laser light at a wavelength of 1,064 nm, with a very high peak power of 3 kW and energy density ranging from 360 to 1,780 mJ/cm2.

50-minute program included a 10-minute warm-up phase (treadmill walking at a comfortable speed), 30 minutes of stretching exercises for (glutei, paraspinal muscles, hamstring, pectoralis, scalenus, intercostal muscles, and trapezius), and a 10-minute cool-down involving self-stretching and respiratory exercises

assesses the overall severity of FM and health status based on participant ratings. It encompasses three key domains similar to the FIQ (function, overall impact, and symptoms), with additional inquiries regarding memory, tenderness, balance, and environmental sensitivity

10 cm, where patients rated their pain on a scale from 0 ("no pain") to 10 ("extremely severe pain ") over the past 3 days

This tool comprises a circular rubber tip (1 cm2) and a pressure gauge for displaying readings in kilograms. Given the rubber tip's 1 cm² area, measurements were reported in kilograms per square centimeter (kg/cm2). The algometer has a measurement range from 0 to 10 kg, with increments of 0.1 kg. The instrument was pressed against the skin's surface at a right angle, and the force exerted was registered on a manometer.