The presence of frailty is associated with a high risk of complications in the perioperative period, increasing morbidity and mortality, hospital stay, and loss of quality of life. In this prospective observational study, an evaluation of frailty was performed in patients older than 65 years old who undergo scheduled and urgent surgery. 138 patients are being included. The main objective is to evaluate the prevalence of frailty in patients older than 65 years undergoing surgery in our hospital and its association with postoperative mortality.

The presence of frailty is associated with a high risk of complications in the perioperative period, increasing morbidity and mortality, hospital stay, and loss of quality of life. This is a prospective observational study in which an evaluation of frailty was performed in patients older than 65 years old who undergo scheduled and urgent surgery, including 138 patients. The main objective is to evaluate the prevalence of frailty in patients older than 65 years undergoing surgery and its association with postoperative mortality. The secondary objectives were the following: to assess the association between frailty and increased days of hospital stay, hospital readmission, and unexpected admission to ICU areas; to assess whether patients with greater frailty suffer a greater loss of postoperative functional independence; to evaluate type and frequency of complications; and to evaluate which scale is most useful to implement in the perioperative setting (Frailty Clinical Scale, Edmonton frailty test, Barthel Index, Mini-mental test, Charlson Index). Considering that the estimated percentage of frailty is 10%, with a 95% confidence interval and a 5% error margin, 138 patients are needed to accurately estimate the prevalence of frailty in the population.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients over 65 years old undergoing urgent or scheduled surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• Language barrier
• Cognitive impairment or inability to assist in clinical assessment during the study
• Refusal to participate in the study

All patients over 65 years old undergoing surgery will be visited 24 hours before the intervention to sign the informed consent and the preoperative evaluation will be carried out through the application of different scales that evaluate the frailty of the patient. The patient will be monitored from his admission to the hospital until discharge and up to 3 months after the day of surgery. Data will be collected on in-hospital complications (medical or surgical), days of hospital stay, unforeseen need for ICU admission, if there has been loss of instrumental or cognitive abilities, and in-hospital mortality data and up to 3 months after surgery.

Individual participant data could be available after request to the principal investigator