This observational study aims to identify the determinants or predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The study will compare two cohorts: patients who developed POAF and those who did not (non-POAF), with the aim of improving postoperative care, reducing complications, and refining patient risk stratification.

Demographics (age, sex, ethnicity), lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, physical activity), and medical history (diabetes, hypertension, prior heart diseases) will be recorded. Surgical procedure details (number of grafts, use of intraoperative devices), anesthesia, and medications administered. Levels of inflammatory markers, cardiac-specific markers, and other relevant biomarkers at baseline and postoperatively. Other complications besides POAF, hospital length of stay, ICU admission, readmission rate, and mortality will also be monitored.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 18 years or older.
• Patients who underwent CABG.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with a history of preoperative atrial fibrillation or other significant arrhythmias.
• Patients who underwent other concurrent cardiac procedures (e.g., valve surgery) in addition to CABG.
• Patients who cannot provide informed consent or lack adequate follow-up information.

The participants in this study are adult patients (18 years and older) who have undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). These individuals come from diverse demographic backgrounds and have a history of severe coronary heart disease, the condition that necessitated the CABG surgery.