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The goal of this study is to assess cumulative lead exposure among treatment-seeking patients in the MUSC hospital system receiving experimental transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), an electroencephalogram (EEG), and/or transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) therapies to determine whether lead exposure represents a risk factor for more severe mental illness or a modifier of treatment response. Information will be obtained from patients with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders recruited to existing hospital studies. This information will include the results of bone-lead testing, brief cognitive tests, and self-reported psychiatric symptoms and behaviors.
The goal of this study is to assess cumulative lead exposure among treatment-seeking patients in the MUSC hospital system receiving experimental transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), an electroencephalogram (EEG), and/or transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) therapies to determine whether lead exposure represents a risk factor for more severe mental illness or a modifier of treatment response. Information will be obtained from patients with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders recruited to existing hospital studies. This information will include the results of bone-lead testing, brief cognitive tests, and self-reported psychiatric symptoms and behaviors. It is anticipated that the data will serve as preliminary data for research grant applications to support further data collection among a wider clinical and non-clinical population.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer | Device | The XRF analyzer (the ThermoFisher Niton XL3t GOLDD+) is a portable x-ray fluorescent analyzer specifically configured to measure low levels of metals, lead in particular, in bone. The device is designed to rapidly assess cumulative lead exposure, not to support or sustain human life. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Neuropsychiatric Diagnoses | Count of participants varying neuropsychiatric disorders assessed by the Diagnostic Interview for Anxiety, Mood, and OCD and related Neuropsychiatric Disorders (DIAMOND) | Baseline |
| Cognitive Function | Measurement of cognitive function as assessed by the Trail Making Test (TMT) as a way to assess central executive functioning. | Baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Additional inclusion criteria match those of parent studies, including:
Exclusion Criteria:
Additional exclusion criteria match those of parent studies, including:
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The current study will recruit solely from research studies listed within the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The populations within the inclusion/exclusion criteria cover a wide range of psychiatric disorders including but not limited to alcohol use disorder (AUD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and anxiety spectrum disorders (ASD). There will be no exclusion based on gender or minority status. The investigators anticipate that at least 50% of the participants will be women. The percentage of minority participants is expected to be at least 5%. The investigators will make vigorous attempts to increase this number by posting advertisement flyers in minority communities.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Dean Kilpatrick, Ph.D. | Medical University of South Carolina | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical University of South Carolina | Charleston | South Carolina | 29425 | United States |
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