Cross-sectional Study of Chinese Liver Cancer Patients

Anxiety, Depression, Immune Function and Quality of Life Among Chinese Liver Cancer Patients in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era

The goal of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression and their relationships with immune functions and quality of life among liver cancer patients in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The objectives of this study are:

1. To examine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with liver cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.
2. To identify risk factors associated with anxiety and depression among these patients.
3. To determine the association between anxiety, depression, immune function, and quality of life among liver cancer patients.

Participants will be asked to fill a digital questionnaire.

Inclusion criteria

Participants must meet all the following criteria for study entry:

1. Aged 18 or older.
2. Participants have a confirmed diagnosis of liver cancer in the medical records.
3. Participants are able to communicate with Chinese. Exclusion criteria

Participants who meet any of the following criteria will be excluded from study entry:

1. Participant has multiple organ failure which makes him/her incapable to comply with the study protocol.
2. Participant has hepatic encephalopathy or severe mental disorder which makes him/her incapable of understanding the meanings of the questionnaires.