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The goal of this observational study is to investigate the prevalence of Childbirth post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD) and Childbirth post-traumatic stress symptom (CB-PTSS) in Switzerland, and to analyze the psychological, medical, and social factors linked with CB-PTSD and CB-PTSS, whether they are antecedent factors or further consequences.
The main questions it aims to answer are :
Participants will fill up surveys at four time points:
Study design:
The present study consists of a longitudinal cohort study with surveys at four time points:
Participants enter the SwiTCH study preferably at T1, but inclusion at T2 is also possible in order to maximize recruitment. The participants included at t2 will fill the sociodemographic and history of mental health surveys at T2 instead of T1.
Study population:
The inclusion criteria for mothers is being pregnant in the third pregnancy trimester and being above 16 years, or being between 6 to 12 weeks postpartum and above 16 years. Partners are recruited based on the inclusion criteria for mothers. Additionally, they must be 16 years old or older.
All participants are asked to sign a written consent (and if applicable, legal representatives for adolescents aged over 16 years old).
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of childbirth trauma in mother and partner | Measure of the extent to which the birth is perceived as traumatic | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Prevalence of childbirth Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and childbirth Postraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) | Childbirth-related PTSD and PTSS is assessed with the City Birth Trauma Scale (City BiTS). | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Prevalence of childbirth Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and childbirth Postraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) | Childbirth-related PTSD and PTSS is assessed with the City Birth Trauma Scale (City BiTS). | 6 months postpartum |
| Prevalence of childbirth Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and childbirth Postraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) | Childbirth-related PTSD and PTSS is assessed with the City Birth Trauma Scale (City BiTS). | 12 months postpartum |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : History of mental health issues (Mother) | History of mental health issues/treatment, 4 items | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : History of mental health issues (Partner) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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The population speaks French since the surveys are in French. The population is recruited in the French speaking part of Switzerland (Vaud, Neuchâtel, Geneva, Friburg, Wallis) in Lausanne University Hospital, in regional hospitals, and at independant healthcare professionals (such as midwifes, gynecologist, doulas...)
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antje Horsch, Prof. | Contact | +41213148571 | antje.horsch@chuv.ch | |
| Valentin Offredi | Contact | 021 314 92 64 | valentin.offredi@chuv.ch |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Antje Horsch | UNIL-CHUV | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lausanne University Hospital | Recruiting | Lausanne | Canton of Vaud | 1011 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38296274 | Derived | Chanvrier H, Rattaz V, Offredi V, Dupuis M, Horsch A. Swiss cohort on Traumatic Childbirth and Health (SwiTCH): protocol for a prospective, population-based cohort study on parents' mental health from pregnancy to one year postpartum. BMJ Open. 2024 Jan 30;14(1):e080557. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080557. |
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The IPD will be available upon request
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013313 | Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic |
| D001720 | Birth Injuries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D040921 | Stress Disorders, Traumatic |
| D000068099 | Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D007232 | Infant, Newborn, Diseases |
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History of mental health issues/treatment, 4 items
| Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Anxiety (Mother) | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Untas et al., 2009), 7 items scored on a 4-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Anxiety (Partner) | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Untas et al., 2009), 7 items scored on a 4-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Depression (Mother) | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Guedeney et al., 1998), 10 items scored on a 4-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Depression (Patner) | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Guedeney et al., 1998), 10 items scored on a 4-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Fear of childbirth I (Mother) | Fear of childbirth, 1 item | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Fear of childbirth (Partner) | Fear of childbirth, 1 item | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Fear of childbirth II (Mother) | Fear of Childbirth Questionnaire (FCQ; Slade et al., 2022), 20 items scored on a 4-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Antenatal Stress (Mother) | Antenatal Perceived Stress Inventory (APSI (Razurel et al., 2014), 12 items scored on a 5-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Previous trauma (Mother) | Previous birth trauma, 1 item | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Previous trauma (Partner) | Previous birth trauma, 1 item | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Previous birth trauma (Mother) | Previous birth trauma, 1 item | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Previous birth trauma (Partner) | Previous birth trauma, 1 item | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Prenatal attachment (Mother) | Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI; Jurgens et al., 2010), 21 items scored on a 4-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Relationship satisfaction (Mother) | Relationship assessment scale (RAS; Saramago et al., 2021), 7 items scored on a 5-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Relationship satisfaction (Partner) | Relationship assessment scale (RAS; Saramago et al., 2021), 7 items scored on a 5-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Social Support (Mother) | Modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (mMOS-SS; Moser et al., 2012), 8 items scored on a 5-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Risk factors of CB-PTSD : Social Support (Partner) | Modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (mMOS-SS; Moser et al., 2012), 8 items scored on a 5-point scale | Baseline (Third trimester of pregnancy) |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Anxiety (Mother) | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Untas et al., 2009), 7 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Anxiety (Partner) | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Untas et al., 2009), 7 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Depression (Mother) | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Guedeney et al., 1998), 10 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Depression (Partner) | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Guedeney et al., 1998), 10 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Mother-infant bonding I (Mother) | Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PPBQ; Demanche et al., 2021), 25 items scored on a 5-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Mother-infant bonding II (Mother) | Parent-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS; Bienfait et al., 2017), 8 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Father-infant bonding (Partner) | Parent-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS; Bienfait et al., 2017), 8 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Relationship satisfaction (Mother) | Relationship assessment scale (RAS; Saramago et al., 2021), 7 items scored on a 5-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Relationship satisfaction (Partner) | Relationship assessment scale (RAS; Saramago et al., 2021), 7 items scored on a 5-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Coparenting (Mother) | Coparenting Relationship Scale (CRS; Favez et al., 2021), 35 items scored on a 7-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Coparenting (Partner) | Coparenting Relationship Scale (CRS; Favez et al., 2021), 35 items scored on a 7-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Parenting self-efficacy (Mother) | Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy (PMP-SE; Schneider et al., 2019), 20 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Parenting self-efficacy (Partner) | Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy (PMP-SE; Schneider et al., 2019), 20 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Healthcare renunciation (Mother) | Healthcare renunciation, 3 items | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Healthcare renunciation (Partner) | Healthcare renunciation, 3 items | 6-12 weeks postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Anxiety (Mother) | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Untas et al., 2009), 7 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Anxiety (Partner) | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Untas et al., 2009), 7 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Depression (Mother) | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Guedeney et al., 1998), 10 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Depression (Partner) | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Guedeney et al., 1998), 10 items scored on a 4-point scale | 6 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Mother-infant bonding (Mother) | Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PPBQ; Demanche et al., 2021), 25 items scored on a 5-point scale | 6 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Support from neighborhood (Mother) | Perceived Neighborhood Social Cohesion (P-NSC; Dupuis et al., 2017), 9 items scored on a 7-point scale | 6 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Support from neighborhood (Partner) | Perceived Neighborhood Social Cohesion (P-NSC; Dupuis et al., 2017), 9 items scored on a 7-point scale | 6 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Anxiety (Mother) | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Untas et al., 2009), 7 items scored on a 4-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Anxiety (Partner) | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Untas et al., 2009), 7 items scored on a 4-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Depression (Mother) | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Guedeney et al., 1998), 10 items scored on a 4-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Depression (Partner) | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Guedeney et al., 1998), 10 items scored on a 4-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Relationship satisfaction (Mother) | Relationship assessment scale (RAS; Saramago et al., 2021), 7 items scored on a 5-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Relationship satisfaction (Partner) | Relationship assessment scale (RAS; Saramago et al., 2021), 7 items scored on a 5-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Coparenting (Mother) | Coparenting Relationship Scale (CRS; Favez et al., 2021), 35 items scored on a 7-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Coparenting (Partner) | Coparenting Relationship Scale (CRS; Favez et al., 2021), 35 items scored on a 7-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Support from neighborhood (Mother) | Perceived Neighborhood Social Cohesion (P-NSC; Dupuis et al., 2017), 9 items scored on a 7-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Support from neighborhood (Partner) | Perceived Neighborhood Social Cohesion (P-NSC; Dupuis et al., 2017), 9 items scored on a 7-point scale | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Healthcare renunciation (Mother) | Healthcare renunciation, 3 items | 12 months postpartum |
| Consequences of CB-PTSD : Healthcare renunciation (Partner) | Healthcare renunciation, 3 items | 12 months postpartum |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |