Study withdrawn before enrollment due to resource constraints. No participants were enrolled.

This study aims to evaluate three different transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols and their impact on motor system neurophysiology and skill learning.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that induces long-term changes in connections between neuronal networks. This and the ability to activate the whole motor system allows the use of TMS to facilitate motor recovery. The motor system has different excitatory states associated with ongoing mu oscillation. Here, the investigators will monitor brain mu oscillations in real-time non-invasively using electroencephalography and modulate the function of the motor system. The investigators will test the impact of three different TMS protocols on motor system neurophysiology and skill learning. These data will provide novel understanding needed to improve TMS approaches for individuals requiring motor rehabilitation.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18-40 years old
• Able to read, understand, and sign the informed consent in English
• Right-handed

Exclusion Criteria:

• A sensory or physical impairment
• History of epilepsy or seizures in the family
• Non-removable metal or electronics (e.g., a cochlear implant, cardiac pacemaker, or implanted electronic devices) in your head or body
• A head injury with loss of consciousness
• Diagnosis of psychiatric or neurological disorder
• Skin defects or active infections on the scalp or hands
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding

Preprocessed and anonymized data will be provided upon request to the faculty / research staff of recognized research, medical, and educational institutions for educational and scientific purposes.

Data will be shared only upon request after the study has ended (within 6 months).

To receive access, the study investigators must be contacted via an institutional e-mail.