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The goal of this randomised controlled trial is to compare the effects of Immersive Virtual Reality(IVRE) and Non-Immersive Virtual Reality(NIVRE) andin children having dental anxiety.The main question[s] it aims to answer are:
Participants will be randomised into three groups, Immersive Virtual Reality, Non Immersive Virtual Reality and Control Group.Immersive Virtual Reality group will be asked to play with an immersive virtual reality dental game using Virtual reality device preoperatively after which they will undergo treatment. For the Non Immersive Virtual Reality participants will be asked to watch a dental cartoon using the virtual reality device passively before treatment and the control group of no intervention, to wait as usual before treatment. All groups will undergo dental treatment of resin based fissure sealant placement under cotton roll isolation in one permanent molar.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Immersive Virtual Reality Exposure | Experimental | Immersive Virtual Reality Dental Game for 15 minutes. Participants will be actively involved with the game, in placing restorations, scaling virtually playing the role of the dentist. |
|
| Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Exposure | Active Comparator | Participants will be made to watch dental related cartoon passively while sitting using the Virtual Reality device for 15 minutes. |
|
| Control Group | No Intervention | Participants will be waiting for 15 minutes as usual prior to their treatment. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality Exposure | Behavioral | Virtual Reality device using the immersive dental game. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Malay-MCDASf score | Malay translated Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale faces version | 10 minutes prior to Intervention and immediately after intervention followed by dental treatment on the same day |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Pulse Rate | Will be measured using Pulse Oximeter | 10 minutes prior to Intervention and immediately after intervention followed by dental treatment on the same day |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Leezallini Selvaraj | Faculty of Dentistry Medical Ethics Committee (FDMEC) | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Dentistry | Kuala Lumpur | 50603 | Malaysia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41429659 | Derived | Selvaraj L, Yusof ZYM, Zakaria NN, Azizi NZ, Aalam NZ. Effects of Preoperative Immersive and Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Exposure on Dental Anxiety in Children: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2026 May;36(3):431-439. doi: 10.1111/ipd.70066. Epub 2025 Dec 22. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D063367 | Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003887 | Desensitization, Psychologic |
| D001521 | Behavior Therapy |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |
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Immersive and Non immersive Virtual Reality
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