The proposed pilot study aims at determining the feasibility of a lifestyle intervention including adherence to a personalised dietary regimen combined with regular physical activity in patients newly diagnosed with prostate cancer under androgen deprivation therapy.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is among the most frequent tumor types and is the second deadliest type of cancer in men.

PCa has a multifactorial aetiology; modifiable environmental factors, including diet and obesity, have been associated with prostate carcinogenesis. Furthermore, patients with PCa are treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which has negative effects on the cardiovascular system and body composition, particularly on the fat and muscle mass, bone health and psychological wellbeing.

Data in the current literature suggests that a lifestyle intervention e.g. with targeted and supervised exercise therapy or a dietary intervention with a prudent dietary patternmay positively influence the quality of life and the course of the disease of patients under ADT. However, conclusive data is missing.

The proposed pilot study aims at determining the feasibility and the effect of a lifestyle intervention including adherence to a personalised dietary regimen combined with regular physical activity in patients newly diagnosed with PCa under ADT.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Written informed consent according to ICH/GCP regulations before registration.
• Age ≥ 18 years
• Histology of adenocarcinoma of the prostate
• Patients with PCa receiving ADT alone or ADT+NHT (abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide or darolutamide)
• Rising PSA (two consecutively rising PSA levels > 25% above nadir at least three weeks apart), with no evidence of clinical or radiographic progression on instrumental evaluation
• PSA doubling time > 8 weeks
• Continuation of ongoing systemic treatment is deemed feasible by treating physician

Exclusion Criteria:

• Ongoing treatment with docetaxel, cabazitaxel, radionuclides or investigational treatments
• Evidence of clinical progression or progression of disease on imaging
• Bone metastases excluding the safety of physical exercise
• Prior confirmed severe osteoporosis or other diseases affecting the bone with history of fractures
• Clinically significant cardiovascular disease (i.e. myocardial infarction within 6 months before screening; uncontrolled angina within 3 months before screening; congestive heart failure New York Heart Association class 3 or 4; history of clinically significant arrhythmias; uncontrolled hypertension indicated by systolic blood pressure > 170 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure > 105 mm Hg at screening)
• Clinically significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Any concurrent disease or comorbid condition that interferes with the ability of the patient to participate in the study