The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the efficacy and safety of GR1801 injection with Human Rabies Immunoglobulin(HRIG) in patients with WHO Category 3 rabies exposure.

Patients will receive GR1801 injection or HRIG. Each group will receive rabies vaccine as the WHO Essen regime after Study Drug.

This is a randomized, double-blind, Human Rabies Immunoglobulin(HRIG) controlled Phase III clinical trial evaluating the efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetic and immunogenicity of GR1801 injection as a part of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in patients with WHO Category 3 rabies exposure who have met all inclusion/exclusion criteria for their treatment group.

1200 patients aged 18 and above with WHO Category III rabies exposure should be enrolled as planned and randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group based on a ratio of 3: 1. The random stratification factors include time of exposure (within or beyond 24 hours), bite location (above or below the neck), and number of bites (1 or more).

All the patients should receive wound infiltration injection of GR1801 or HRIG on Study Day 0 (wound conditions should be described and recorded both before and post injection by photos, including diameter, depth, expansion treatment, etc.), and should also receive intramuscular injection of one dose of the freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use (Vero cells) into the deltoid muscle after the infiltration injection. Patients should also be given one dose of the freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use (Vero cells) on Study Days 3, 7, 14, and 28 respectively according to the WHO Essen regime.

Rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (RVNA) should be collected 9 times from each subject prior to administration and on Study Day1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 42, 90, 365 post administration of Study Drug. RVNA should be assayed through rapid fluorescence focus inhibition test (RFFIT). The occurrence of rabies and survival conditions should be collected through every follow-up visit.

Adverse events should be classified in accordance with solicited adverse events and unsolicited adverse events. Solicited adverse events include local adverse events (such as injection sites pain, induration, swelling, redness, rash and pruritus) and systemic adverse events (such as fever, hypersensitivity, headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, arthralgia and myalgia). Unsolicited adverse events are those except solicited adverse events or solicited adverse events beyond 7 days after the first administration.

Solicited adverse events should be collected 7 days after the first administration. Unsolicited adverse events should be collected in 3 months after the first administration and serious adverse events(SAE) should be collected throughout the trial.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Chinese males or females aged 18 years or above on Study Day 0 with legal identification documents and plan to live in the local area during the study;
2. WHO Category III rabies exposure；
3. Those who have an armpit temperature ≤ 37.0 °C；
4. Completed written informed consent process, signed the informed consent forms and Agreed to complete all follow-ups.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. WHO Category III rabies exposure but received wound suture treatment;
2. WHO Category III rabies exposure over 72 hours;
3. Previous receipt of rabies vaccination or rabies passive immunization;
4. History of bitten by animals such as dogs, cats, bats etc. within the 6 months before the Study Day 0;
5. History of any severe allergy for vaccination;
6. Had fever (armpit temperature ≥ 38.5 °C) or received any antipyretic, analgesic or anti-allergic drug within 3 days before Study Day 0;
7. History of severe autoimmune diseases;
8. History of any severe neurological disease；
9. History of receiving any immunoglobulin or vaccine within 30 days before Study Day 0, or plan to use any such product during the study;
10. History of addiction to any narcotic, alcohol or drugs;
11. Previous receipt of any study product (drug, vaccine, biological product or device) within 6 months before Study Day 0, or plan to participate in any other clinical study during this study period;
12. Females who are pregnant or with urine pregnancy test positive.

double blind