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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Bielefeld University | OTHER |
| University of Witten/Herdecke | OTHER |
| University Hospital Heidelberg | OTHER |
| University Hospital Regensburg |
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The PARTNER study is a multicentre, two-arm, pragmatic cluster-randomised trial evaluating the impact of a focused and patient-centred cooperation between general practitioners (GPs) and community pharmacists (PARTNER intervention) on reductions in the use of psychotropic, sedative and anticholinergic potentially inappropriate medication (PSA-PIM) compared to a control intervention. The PARTNER intervention comprises (1) education for health care professionals, (2) an interprofessional workshop and case conference, (3) a pharmacy visit with brown bag/medication review and patient empowerment, (4) GP practice visit with shared decision making. The control intervention only comprises a pharmacy visit with brown bag review.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention Arm | Experimental | Intensified and patient-centred cooperation between GPs and pharmacists including patient empowerment |
|
| Control Arm | Active Comparator | Extended routine care |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PARTNER intervention | Behavioral | The PARTNER intervention includes the following components:
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Reduction in the PSA-PIM Drug Burden Index (DBI) by ≥ 0.15 points | Clinically relevant reduction in PSA-PIM exposure at patient level after 6 months follow-up, as measured by the Drug Burden Index method. The primary endpoint is defined as a responder endpoint at patient level, where response is defined as a reduction in the Drug Burden Index (DBI) by ≥ 0.15 points (Primary endpoint: T2 vs T0) | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Reduction in the PSA-PIM Drug Burden Index (DBI) by ≥ 0.15 points | Clinically relevant reduction in PSA-PIM exposure at patient level after 12 months follow-up, as measured by the Drug Burden Index method (T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Frequency of deprescribing PSA-PIM stratified by PSA-PIM subgroups |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tobias Dreischulte, Prof. Dr. | Contact | +49 89 4400 55447 | tobias.dreischulte@med.uni-muenchen.de | |
| Annette Haerdtlein | Contact | +49 89 4400 54976 | annette.haerdtlein@med.uni-muenchen.de |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tobias Dreischulte, Prof. Dr. | Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Bielefeld | Not yet recruiting | Bielefeld | 33615 | Germany |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41522713 | Derived | Haerdtlein A, Bernartz K, Peter S, Lepenies LK, Puzhko S, Eberhardt Y, Maas M, Picker-Huchzermeyer S, Brisnik V, Falomir D, Gensichen J, Steimle T, Huppertz G, Koller M, Zeman F, Vanella P, Seidling HM, Mortsiefer A, Muth C, Dreischulte T. General practitioner-pharmacist collaboration to enhance deprescribing of psychotropics, sedatives, and anticholinergics among older polypharmacy patients in primary care: study protocol of a cluster-randomized controlled trial (PARTNER). Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2026 Jan 8;17:20420986251400042. doi: 10.1177/20420986251400042. eCollection 2026. |
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| OTHER |
| Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care | UNKNOWN |
| Techniker Krankenkasse | OTHER |
| Federal Joint Committee | OTHER_GOV |
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To avoid selection bias and Hawthorne bias, the collaborating units (GP practice and community pharmacy) in the intervention group are blinded to the target drugs (PSA-PIM) until the time of randomisation, and in the control group until the end of the study. The same applies to patient participants.
|
| Control intervention | Behavioral | The control intervention only comprises a pharmacy visit with brown bag review. |
|
Proportion (%) of patients with a reduction in DBI ≥ 0.15 (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) |
| 12 months |
| Total exposure with PSA-PIM | Average of the Drug Burden Index (DBI); mean change in the number of PSA-PIM taken (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Total exposure to PSA-PIM stratified by PSA-PIM subgroups | Average of the Drug Burden Index (DBI); mean change in the number of PSA-PIM taken (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Frequency of new PSA-PIM prescriptions | Proportion (%) of patients with a new prescription of ≥1 PSA-PIM (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Frequency of taking other potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) (Validated PIM lists, e.g. PRISCUS list, START/STOPP, Anticholinergic Burden) | Average change in the number of PIMs (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Number of falls and hospitalisations due to fall events (Falls diary, Hospitalisation diary according to FIMA) | Proportion (%) of patients with falls/hospitalisations due to fall injuries (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Cognition (Verbal Fluency Test) | Average (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Quality of life (EQ5-D-5L) | Average (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Insomnia (Regensburg Insomnia Scale; RIS) | Change from baseline in psychological symptoms and sleep assessed with the Regensburg Insomnia Scale (RIS). RIS includes 10 questions on cognitive, emotional and psychophysiological aspects of a sleep disorder. Five answer options for each question are possible (scored 0 to 4; higher scores indicate higher burden). The overall RIS score is the sum of the scores from each of the 10 questions. The overall RIS score can therefore range from zero to 40. Average (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) | Average (T2 vs T0; T4 vs T0) | 12 months |
| University Hospital, LMU Munich | Recruiting | Munich | 80336 | Germany |
|
| Witten/Herdecke University | Not yet recruiting | Witten | 58448 | Germany |
|