The current gold standard for severe mitral regurgitation is mitral valve plasty (PLM). The surgery allows the repair of the mitral valve, therefore without the need for mitral valve replacement (SVM), which involves the implantation of a biological prosthesis or a mechanical prosthesis.

However, PLM has a rate of failure, between 1-4% per year in degenerative mitral pathologies. As a result, patients with PLM failure and severe residual regurgitation are increasingly presenting in recent years.

Generally these patients are re-operated to replace the mitral valve. Our aim is to investigate the differences in re-operation involving mitral valve replacement or re-repair in patients who underwent mitral valve re-operation (re-repair or replacement) in our center between 2003 and 2017.

Inclusion Criteria:

• adult patients
• failure of previous mitral valve repair which needed a new surgical treatment
• group Re-PLM: patients reoperated with a new mitral valve repair
• group Re-SVM: patients reoperated with a mitral valve replacement

Exclusion Criteria:

• urgent/emergent procedures

Patients with a failure of mitral valve repair. The patients are divided in 2 groups depending on type of reintervention: a new mitral valve repair (PLM) or mitral valve replacement (SVM)