The goal of this work is to assess the best time to perform LC combined with LCBD exploration and the feasibility and safety of such procedure in patients with combined GBS and CBDS after failure of ERCP extraction of CBD stones .

Inclusion Criteria:

1. All patients that presented with calcular obstructive jaundice 2ry to CBD stones.
2. Failed of extraction of common bile duct stone by ERCP.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. patients presented by cholangitis.
2. patients presented by acute pancreatitis.
3. Patients that developed post ERCP pancreatitis ,bleeding , perforation.
4. history of previous biliary surgery rather than cholecystectomy.
5. history of major upper abdominal surgery.
6. pregnant females.
7. patients with liverchirosis, abdominal malignancy , and those unfit for surgery.

All patients that presented with calcular obstructive jaundice 2ry to CBD stones and failed of extraction of common bile duct stone by ERCP.