The rupture or erosion of an atherosclerotic plaque with thrombosis or embolization often underlie heart attacks and strokes. The early identification of patients with atherosclerotic plaques prone to rupture or erosions, vulnerable plaques (VP), and their treatment before the occurrence of events is, therefore, one of the greatest cardiovascular challenges today. Possible approaches for early detection of VP include imaging techniques allowing visualization of plaque structure, circulating biomarkers and better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of the disease. In the carotid plaque imaging project the investigators study human atherosclerotic plaques (that are removed by endarterectomy) to disclose their underlying structure and mechanisms, finding possible novel therapeutic targets or markers for VP. The investigators also study plaque structure with imaging methods and try to develop new ways to detect VP using circulating or imaging markers.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients older than 18 years old, male or female that are eligible for carotid endarterectomy due to atherosclerosis and that can provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients younger than 18 years old that cannot provide informed consent; pregnant.

All patients with carotid stenosis undergoing endarterectomy at Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Malmö, Sweden.

No sharing allowed due to General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) legislation as sensitive personal data is included.