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The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of Insulin Resistance (IR) among overweight and obese adolescents using HOMA-IR scores and identify lifestyle risk factors in the IR and Non-IR group.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin Resistant Group | HOMA-IR score of ≥ 3.4 |
| |
| Non-Insulin Resistant | HOMA-IR score of less than 3.4 |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood Tests; Serum Fasting Insulin and Glucose | Diagnostic Test | Laboratory results of blood samples, for high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density protein (LDL), triglycerides, and total cholesterol (TC) will be evaluated for this study. Fasting Insulin and fasting glucose levels will be used to calculate IR. Insulin Resistance will be calculated using Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (FPG (mmol/L) × FPI (mU/L)/22.5) [21] and defined as HOMA-IR ≥ 3.4 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of participants of the Obese or Overweight category with elevated Serum Fasting Insulin and Serum Fasting glucose scores | Measuring Serum Fasting Insulin and Fasting Glucose levels to calculate HOMA-IR scores Insulin Resistance will be calculated using Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (Fasting Plasma Glucose (mmol/L) × Fasting Plasma Insulin (mU/L)/22.5) and defined as HOMA-IR ≥ 3.4 to Detect Prevalence of IR, higher scores indicating increased Insulin Resistance. | Baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Identifying Risk Factors for Insulin Resistance in each group | Information on each individual gathered regarding Lifestyle and Nutritional Habits including Social/Economic condition, Family History for obesity, diabetes and hypertension, perinatal history, early feeding and detailed Nutritional History; including sugar, carbohydrate and fat consumption, Physical activity, sleep quality, psychological stressors and performance at school. Data will be gathered for each group; Insulin Resistant and Non-Insulin resistance to determine associations between the two. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Adolescent Children attending Hospital or Primary care clinics in Egypt whom fit the criteria.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yara Mostafa, MBBS | Contact | +201064883673 | yaramostafa9595@gmail.com |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29280741 | Background | Ighbariya A, Weiss R. Insulin Resistance, Prediabetes, Metabolic Syndrome: What Should Every Pediatrician Know? J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2017 Dec 30;9(Suppl 2):49-57. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.2017.S005. Epub 2017 Dec 27. | |
| 25703114 | Background | Lobstein T, Jackson-Leach R, Moodie ML, Hall KD, Gortmaker SL, Swinburn BA, James WP, Wang Y, McPherson K. Child and adolescent obesity: part of a bigger picture. Lancet. 2015 Jun 20;385(9986):2510-20. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61746-3. Epub 2015 Feb 19. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006403 | Hematologic Tests |
| D055105 | Waist Circumference |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019411 | Clinical Laboratory Techniques |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
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Blood tests include Serum Fasting Insulin and Serum Blood Glucose, along with lipid profile
|
|
| Baseline |
| 20861173 | Background | de Onis M, Blossner M, Borghi E. Global prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity among preschool children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Nov;92(5):1257-64. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29786. Epub 2010 Sep 22. |
| 24016455 | Background | Kelly AS, Barlow SE, Rao G, Inge TH, Hayman LL, Steinberger J, Urbina EM, Ewing LJ, Daniels SR; American Heart Association Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the Young Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism, and Council on Clinical Cardiology. Severe obesity in children and adolescents: identification, associated health risks, and treatment approaches: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2013 Oct 8;128(15):1689-712. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182a5cfb3. Epub 2013 Sep 9. |
| 27417770 | Background | Govers E. Obesity and Insulin Resistance Are the Central Issues in Prevention of and Care for Comorbidities. Healthcare (Basel). 2015 Jun 4;3(2):408-16. doi: 10.3390/healthcare3020408. |
| 17167471 | Background | Kahn SE, Hull RL, Utzschneider KM. Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nature. 2006 Dec 14;444(7121):840-6. doi: 10.1038/nature05482. |
| 20829185 | Background | Levy-Marchal C, Arslanian S, Cutfield W, Sinaiko A, Druet C, Marcovecchio ML, Chiarelli F; ESPE-LWPES-ISPAD-APPES-APEG-SLEP-JSPE; Insulin Resistance in Children Consensus Conference Group. Insulin resistance in children: consensus, perspective, and future directions. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Dec;95(12):5189-98. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-1047. Epub 2010 Sep 8. |
| 21274322 | Background | Kurtoglu S, Hatipoglu N, Mazicioglu M, Kendirici M, Keskin M, Kondolot M. Insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents: HOMA-IR cut-off levels in the prepubertal and pubertal periods. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2010;2(3):100-6. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.v2i3.100. Epub 2010 Aug 2. |
| 26273668 | Background | van der Aa MP, Fazeli Farsani S, Knibbe CA, de Boer A, van der Vorst MM. Population-Based Studies on the Epidemiology of Insulin Resistance in Children. J Diabetes Res. 2015;2015:362375. doi: 10.1155/2015/362375. Epub 2015 Jul 27. |
| 27984205 | Background | van der Aa MP, Knibbe CA, Boer A, van der Vorst MM. Definition of insulin resistance affects prevalence rate in pediatric patients: a systematic review and call for consensus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Feb 1;30(2):123-131. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2016-0242. |
| 11679420 | Background | Goran MI, Gower BA. Longitudinal study on pubertal insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2001 Nov;50(11):2444-50. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.50.11.2444. |
| 10512371 | Background | Moran A, Jacobs DR Jr, Steinberger J, Hong CP, Prineas R, Luepker R, Sinaiko AR. Insulin resistance during puberty: results from clamp studies in 357 children. Diabetes. 1999 Oct;48(10):2039-44. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.48.10.2039. |
| 27824069 | Background | Ling JC, Mohamed MN, Jalaludin MY, Rampal S, Zaharan NL, Mohamed Z. Determinants of High Fasting Insulin and Insulin Resistance Among Overweight/Obese Adolescents. Sci Rep. 2016 Nov 8;6:36270. doi: 10.1038/srep36270. |
| 24243989 | Background | van der Aa MP, Fazeli Farsani S, Kromwijk LA, de Boer A, Knibbe CA, van der Vorst MM. How to screen obese children at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus? Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2014 Apr;53(4):337-42. doi: 10.1177/0009922813509480. Epub 2013 Nov 14. |
| D049628 | Body Size |
| D001837 | Body Weights and Measures |
| D001824 | Body Constitution |
| D010808 | Physical Examination |
| D000886 | Anthropometry |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |