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The main objective of this study is to examine the effects of upper and lower limb plyometric training on the selected physical fitness and serve performance among university female tennis players in China.
The main hypothesis of this study is to evaluate whether there are significant effects of 8 weeks of upper and lower limb plyometric training on selected physical fitness and serve performance among university female tennis players in China.
This intervention lasted for 8 weeks, two times each week, for 30-60 minutes of low-high intensity exercise. The content of the experimental group and control group of exercises mainly includes warm-up, primary content, and cool down. The intervention included push-ups and medicine ball exercises for the upper limbs and jumping, hopping exercises for the lower limbs. Exercises for the upper limbs were immediately followed by lower-limb exercises, with no intervening rest periods. all plyometric exercises, including those involving the upper and lower limbs, were executed with maximal effort, with the goal of reducing contact time during each repetition, and with no allowance for rest periods between jumps. During the intervention, the control group just continued with their regular training regime (e.g., normal fitness training, and injury prevention drills), twice a week, for the duration of the experiment.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plyometric training | Experimental | The 8 weeks of plyometric training included push-ups and medicine ball exercises for the upper limbs and jumping, hopping exercises for the lower limbs. Exercises for the upper limbs were immediately followed by lower-limb exercises, with no intervening rest periods. |
|
| Routine training | Active Comparator | During the intervention, the control group just continued with their routine training regime (e.g., normal fitness training, and injury prevention drills), twice a week, for the duration of the experiment. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plyometric training | Other | Plyometric training can be described as a type of exercise that involves a rapid and forceful movement that consists of an eccentric contraction, followed by an immediate and explosive concentric contraction. Upper and lower limb plyometrics are exercises that enable an upper and lower body muscle group to react quickly to produce maximal strength |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline power performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks | Power is the ability to perform strength based movements quickly. | Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end |
| Change from baseline strength performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks | Strength is the maximal force or torque that a muscle can generate. | Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end |
| Change from baseline speed performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks | The ability to move all or part of the body as quickly as possible | Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end |
| Change from baseline agility performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks | Agility is a skill considered to be important for many sports and has been defined as "a rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus. | Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end |
| Change from baseline endurance performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks | Endurance describes your body's ability to maintain physical activity for an extended amount of time. | Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end |
| Change from baseline flexibility performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks | Flexibility is the ability to move muscles and joints through a full normal range of motion. | Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nuannuan Deng | Universiti Putra Malaysia | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chongqing university | Chongqing | 400010 | China | |||
| Southwest university |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36612806 | Background | Deng N, Soh KG, Zaremohzzabieh Z, Abdullah B, Salleh KM, Huang D. Effects of Combined Upper and Lower Limb Plyometric Training Interventions on Physical Fitness in Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 28;20(1):482. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010482. | |
| 26252503 | Background |
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Since this is my doctoral thesis experiment, I won't share it until I graduate
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059385 | Plyometric Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
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|
| Routine training | Other | Regular tennis training, including normal fitness training, and injury prevention drills |
|
| Change from baseline serve velocity performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks | It is one of the most repeated strokes during the game. | Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end |
| Change from baseline serve accuracy performance at 4 weeks and 8 weeks | In many sports, the accuracy of the execution of a motor skill determines success or failure. | Pretest: Before experiment; Mid-test: 4 weeks end; Post-test: 8 weeks end |
| Chongqing |
| 400010 |
| China |
| Fernandez-Fernandez J, Saez de Villarreal E, Sanz-Rivas D, Moya M. The Effects of 8-Week Plyometric Training on Physical Performance in Young Tennis Players. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2016 Feb;28(1):77-86. doi: 10.1123/pes.2015-0019. Epub 2015 Aug 6. |
| 16632567 | Background | Elliott B. Biomechanics and tennis. Br J Sports Med. 2006 May;40(5):392-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.023150. |
| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D064797 | Physical Conditioning, Human |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |