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A parallel-group non-inferiority randomized controlled trial will then be conducted to evaluate the performance of HIVST-Chatbot. A total of 528 Hong Kong Chinese speaking men who have sex with men (MSM) aged ≥18 years who have access to live-chat applications are recruited from multiple sources. Those who are diagnosed as HIV positive are excluded. Participants are 1:1 randomized into the intervention group (n=264) or the control group (n=264). The research team will implement the HIVST-Chatbot (HIVST services with real-time counselling provided by a fully-automated artificial intelligence Chatbot) in the intervention group and HIVST-OIC (HIVST with real-time counselling provided by trained administrators) in the control group. Participants completed two telephone surveys at baseline and six months afterwards.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIVST-Chatbot (HIV self-testing services with counseling provided by a Chatbot) | Experimental | Promote and implement HIV self-testing (HIVST) services with real-time counselling provided by a fully-automated artificial intelligence Chatbot (HIVST-Chatbot) |
|
| HIVST-OIC (HIV self-testing services with counseling provided by administrators) | Active Comparator | Promote and implement HIV self-testing (HIVST) services with real-time counselling provided by trained administrators) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIVST-Chatbot (HIV self-testing services with counseling provided by a Chatbot) | Behavioral | Promote and implement HIVST-Chatbot |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Uptake of HIV self-testing | Proportion of participants who use HIV self-testing during the 6-month follow-up period | 6 months |
| Proportion of HIV self-testing users receiving counselling along with testing | Proportion of HIV self-testing users receiving counselling along with testing during the 6-month follow-up period | 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Male at birth
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zixin Wang, PhD | Contact | +852 22528740 | wangzx@cuhk.edu.hk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Zixin Wang, PhD | Chinese University of Hong Kong | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centre for Health Behaviours Research, the Chinese University of Hong Kong | Hong Kong | 666888 | Hong Kong |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41284298 | Derived | Chen S, Yu FY, Fang Y, Yau J, Ng N, Zhang Q, Ni Z, Duong MC, Sun F, Mo PKH, Wang Z. Chatbot-Delivered Real-Time Support to Improve HIV Self-Testing Rates: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Nov 3;8(11):e2544821. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.44821. | |
| 37389935 | Derived | Chen S, Zhang Q, Chan CK, Yu FY, Chidgey A, Fang Y, Mo PKH, Wang Z. Evaluating an Innovative HIV Self-Testing Service With Web-Based, Real-Time Counseling Provided by an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot (HIVST-Chatbot) in Increasing HIV Self-Testing Use Among Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2023 Jun 30;12:e48447. doi: 10.2196/48447. |
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| HIVST-OIC (HIV self-testing services with counseling provided by administrators) | Behavioral | Promote and implement HIVST-OIC |
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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