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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Jamia Millia Islamia | OTHER |
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The goal of this clinical trial was to compare the effect of two different types of stretching techniques in elderly population. The main questions it aims to answer are:
The objective of the study was to compare the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation - Contract Relax (PNF- CR) and static stretch techniques immediately and post four weeks of intervention on knee range of motion, flexibility and electromyographic activity of knee muscles among older adults. This is an outcome assessor-blinded pre-test post-test randomized controlled trial with two experimental groups (PNF-CR and Static Stretching) and a control group. 30 males aged 55-75 years were randomly assigned into PNF group (n=10), Static Stretch group (n=10) and Control group (n=10). Knee range of motion, electromyographic activity of hamstrings and sit and reach test, were taken for the dominant side thrice: pre-intervention, immediately after stretching and after the training period. Active knee range of motion (ROM) was assessed using a universal goniometer. Surface Electromyography (EMG) was used to record Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of biceps femoris and the Chair Sit-and-Reach Test (CART) was used to assess the hamstring muscle's length flexibility.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PNF- CR Group | Experimental | The participants in the group were given PNF contract- relax stretching using the standard protocol. One trial had two isometric contractions each followed by five seconds muscle stretch and there was a total of four trials. Total of 12 sessions in 4 weeks (3sessions/week). |
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| Static Stretching Group | Experimental | The participants in the group were given sustained stretching for a period of 80s at a stretch. Total of 12 sessions in 4 weeks (3sessions/week). |
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| Control Group | No Intervention | No intervention was given in this group |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Stretching - Contract Relax stretching (PNF-CR) | Other | PNF-CR utilized the concept of autogenic inhibition of the muscle for improving the flexibility of the muscle. It includes stretching a muscle after a brief period of activation. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Active Knee Range of Motion | The active extension knee range of motion was measured using a universal goniometer. | Baseline, After 1st intervention (immediate), 4 weeks after intervention |
| Change in Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) | The Electromyographic activity of the biceps femoris muscle was evaluated using the surface electrodes during the maximal isometric contraction. | Baseline, After 1st intervention (immediate), 4 weeks after intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Hamstring flexibility | The hamstring flexibility was measured using the Chair Sit and Reach Test (CART) | Baseline, After 1st intervention (immediate), 4 weeks after intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Only male participants were included in the study.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sahar Zaidi, MPT | Jamia Millia Islamia | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Out Patient Department, Centre for Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia | New Delhi | National Capital Territory of Delhi | 110025 | India |
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30 males aged 55-75 years were randomly assigned into 3 arms - PNF group (n=10), Static Stretch group (n=10) and Control group (n=10)
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outcome assessor-blinded pre-test post-test randomized controlled trial
| Static Stretching (SS) | Other | The SS technique utilized the concept of creep for improving the hamstring flexibility. The stretch was maintained for a prolonged period passively by the therapist. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D018908 | Muscle Weakness |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D020879 | Neuromuscular Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D052580 | Muscle Stretching Exercises |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
| D005791 | Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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