absence of funding

An immediate perioperative parameter that assess the integrity of the Erythrocytes Membrane and therefore their structural quality isn't available in clinical practice and medical diagnostics except through indirect clinical biochemical tests or through the scanning electron microscope. The red blood cell (RBC) membrane contains proteins and glycoproteins embedded in a fluid lipid bilayer that confers viscoelastic behavior. Sialylated glycoproteins of the RBC membrane are responsible for a negatively charged surface which creates a repulsive electric zeta potential (ζ) between cells. These charges help prevent the interaction between RBCs and the other cells and especially between each other. The zeta potential is a physical property which is exhibited by all particles in suspension. The development of a net charge on any particle affects the distribution of ions in the surrounding interfacial region resulting in an increased concentration of counter ions of opposite charge to that of the particle, close to the surface. In this context we present a new parameter that studies the interactions of the Erythrocytes membrane treated with positive ions and their maintenance of the charge. We compared the measured polarization values with the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), expression of speed with which RBCs tend to settle inside a particular graduated capillary called Westergren's tube and Plasma Free Hemoglobin (pFHb).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Elective, primary cardiac surgery
• Minimally invasive cardiac surgery
• Mitral Valve Surgery (MVS)
• Conventional cardiac surgery (CCS)
• Coronary Arterial Bypass Grafting (CABG).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Abnormal plasma lactate levels (>2 mmol/L)
• Renal
• Liver failure,
• Obesity,
• Uncompensated diabetes,
• Autoimmune disease, active infection
• Immunosuppressant therapy
• Coagulation disorder
• Surgery with circulatory arrest
• Preoperative hematocrit (Hct) <27%

Have been collected a perspective cohort of Eighty elective Cardiac Surgery procedures with Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in a single tertiary institution Anthea Hospital Gvm Care & Research, Bari, Italy. Forty patients were treated for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) of which (n=20), were allocated for Conventional Cardiopulmonary Bypass (cCPB) and (n=20), were allocated for Minimal invasive Extracorporeal Circulation (MiECC) type III. Forty patients were treated for Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair (MIMVR); (n=20), reported a CPB time (< 60 min.) and (n=20), a CPB time (>100 min.).