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Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) are the most common oro-facial congenital anomalies. These anomalies have an impact on feeding, speech and speech development, facial aesthetics & oral health, all of which are factors that heavily impact the quality of life of CLP patients. CLP also has an effect on the families' social and psychological health.
Qualitative research helps understand the perspectives of the participants by exploring the psycho-social aspects of care. Phenomenological approach is a qualitative research method that aims to borrow participants' lived experiences to better understand a specific phenomenon. Currently, there is no clear understanding of the fears, anxieties, and challenges faced by parents of CLP patients in Egypt.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Egyptian parents of cleft lip and/ or palate (CLP) patients | Egyptian parents of CLP patients presented to the cleft lip & palate clinic at Ain Shams university. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interview- based questionnaire | Diagnostic Test | Interview-based questionnaire by the use of an interview guide to explore and understand the Challenges faced in the past and the concerns for the future experienced by parents of CLP patients. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Challenges & concerns faced by the parents of CLP patients | The tool of measurement in the present qualitative study is In-depth interviews utilizing an interview guide (questionnaire). The recorded interviews will be transcribed by one of the authors after which thematic data analysis will be conducted. Codes will be developed by two researchers individually and intercoder meetings will held to encourage intercoder reliability. | 1 year |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Egyptian parents of CLP patients presented to cleft lip & palate clinic at Ain Shams university.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nagwa Mohamed Ali, Prof of PD | Ain Shams University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University | Cairo | 11566 | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15196190 | Background | Johansson B, Ringsberg KC. Parents' experiences of having a child with cleft lip and palate. J Adv Nurs. 2004 Jul;47(2):165-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03075.x. | |
| 32807161 | Background | Ghirotto L, De Panfilis L, Di Leo S. Health professionals learning qualitative research in their workplace: a focused ethnography. BMC Med Educ. 2020 Aug 17;20(1):269. doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02191-5. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002971 | Cleft Lip |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008047 | Lip Diseases |
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D009056 | Mouth Abnormalities |
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| 1430643 | Background | Baker C, Wuest J, Stern PN. Method slurring: the grounded theory/phenomenology example. J Adv Nurs. 1992 Nov;17(11):1355-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb01859.x. |
| 34785096 | Background | Hennink M, Kaiser BN. Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests. Soc Sci Med. 2022 Jan;292:114523. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523. Epub 2021 Nov 2. |
| Background | Turner DW. Qualitative interview design: A practical guide for novice investigators. Qual Rep. 2010;15(3):754-60. |
| Background | Elmouden L, Elgasmi F, Ousehal L. Quality of Life in Adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate. In: Gülşen A, editor. Current Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate. 2020. |
| D018640 |
| Stomatognathic System Abnormalities |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |