The objectives of this proposal are to characterize the relationship between OCT eccentric fixation (OCT-EF), fixation eye movement (FEM), macular sensitivity in children with amblyopia.

Aim 1. OCT EF changes with patching treatment at 12 weeks visit.

Aim 2. OCT EF changes with foveation therapy.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. children with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/40 (equivalent to 0.3 logMAR) or worse in the amblyopic eye (ranging from 20/40 to 20/400), and interocular difference of BCVA was at least two logMAR lines,

2. ocular causes of amblyopia that were identified as refractive(i.e., anisometropic, strabismus, or strabismic-anisometropic.

   • Anisometropia included interocular difference of spherical equivalent >=1D or interocular difference of astigmatism cylinder magnitude >=1D;
   • strabismus included those with deviation >=10PD or good alignment after prior strabismus surgery;
   • combined type included those who meet the criteria of both anisometropia and strabismus.
   • For the patching group, we will enroll 15 children with strabismic amblyopia who are prescribed patching treatment. Age: 4-12 years old.
   • For the foveation therapy group, we will enroll 15 children with strabismic amblyopia who are prescribed foveation therapies. Age: 8-16 years old.

Exclusion Criteria:

• born before 32 weeks gestational age;
• neurologic, developmental, or systemic illnesses known to be associated with ocular pathologies;
• congenital or acquired macular pathology.