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Aim of the study is to investigate the effect of adding posterior ilium mobilization on knee pain, knee function, anterior pelvic tilt, dynamic knee valgus, muscle strength of extensors, abductors and external rotators of hip and knee extensors in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | Active Comparator |
| |
| Study group | Experimental |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| posterior ilium mobilization | Other | the therapist will mobilize the innominate on the affected side posteriorly |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in pain | Arabic Numeric pain rating scale will be used to assess pain changes during walking, hopping, squatting, stair negotiation, kneeling, or prolonged sitting. This scale measures pain severity on a scale of 0 to 10 points, with 0 representing no pain and 10 signifying the most severe pain possible. | It will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks |
| Changes in knee functional disability | The Arabic version of Anterior knee pain scale will be used to assess the knee functional disability. It is a self-administered, weighted questionnaire that analyzes 13 items, including pain and function, with a maximum score of 100 points and minimum score of 0 points. Higher scores indicate greater lower extremity function. It documents responses to six activities linked with anterior knee pain (walking, running, jumping, climbing stairs, squatting, and sitting for prolonged periods with knee bent). | It will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in hip abductors strength | Handheld dynamometer will be used to assess changes in muscle strength | It will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks |
| Changes in hip extensors strength | Handheld dynamometer will be used to assess changes in muscle strength |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University | Giza | Egypt |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D046788 | Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| strengthening and stretching exercises | Other | the participants will receive strengthening exercises on the hip and knee joint beside that they will receive stretching exercises |
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| It will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks |
| Changes in hip external rotators strength | Handheld dynamometer will be used to assess changes in muscle strength | It will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks |
| Changes in knee extensors strength | Handheld dynamometer will be used to assess changes in muscle strength | It will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks |
| Changes in dynamic knee valgus | Cell phone Camera, tripod device and Kinovea Computer Program (KCP) will be used to assess knee frontal plane projection angle to detect changes in knee valgus during step down test | It will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks |
| Changes in pelvic tilt angle | Palpation Meter (PALM) will be used to assess changes in pelvic tilt angle | It will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks |