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Thoracotomy is one of the most painful operations known. Therefore, it causes severe acute pain. If pain is not controlled, it increases the frequency of postoperative pulmonary complications and postoperative morbidity. It can even cause chronic pain in the future. Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is the gold standard method in the treatment of pain after thoracotomy. Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is known as the most effective method after TEA. The fact that TPVB has fewer side effects than TEA increases the use of TPVB. There is no consensus on the dose of analgesia in studies. In the literature, volumes between 20 ml and 30 ml are frequently used for TPVB in recent years. This study, it was aimed to compare the efficacy of 20 ml, 25 ml, and 30 ml volumes of TPVB with local anesthetic at the same concentration (0.25% bupivacaine) on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing thoracotomy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thoracic Paravertebral Block 20 ml | Active Comparator | In patients who are planned to have a thoracic paravertebral block, the needle will be advanced to the paravertebral area with ultrasound-guided in-plane technique. 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected into this area. |
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| Thoracic Paravertebral Block 25 ml | Active Comparator | In patients who are planned to have a thoracic paravertebral block, the needle will be advanced to the paravertebral area with ultrasound-guided in-plane technique. 25 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected into this area. |
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| Thoracic Paravertebral Block 30 ml | Active Comparator | In patients who are planned to have a thoracic paravertebral block, the needle will be advanced to the paravertebral area with ultrasound-guided in-plane technique. 30 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected into this area. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPVB with 20 ml | Procedure | The thoracic paravertebral block will be applied to the patients with 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine under real-time ultrasound guidance. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Scores | Pain will be assessed at the first-hour rest and while coughing using the visual analog scale on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain). | 1st hour after surgery |
| Pain Scores | Pain will be assessed at the 2nd-hour rest and while coughing using the visual analog scale on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain). | 2nd-hour after surgery |
| Pain Scores | Pain will be assessed at the 4th-hour rest and while coughing using the visual analog scale on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain). | 4th-hour after surgery |
| Pain Scores | Pain will be assessed at the 12th-hour rest and while coughing using the visual analog scale on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain). | 12th-hour after surgery. |
| Pain Scores | Pain will be assessed at the 24th-hour rest and while coughing using the visual analog scale on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain). | 24th-hour after surgery. |
| Pain Scores | Pain will be assessed at the 48th-hour rest and while coughing using the visual analog scale on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain). | 48th-hour after surgery. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Morphine Consumption | Morphine consumption for 24 hours will be recorded | 24 hours after surgery |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emine N ZENGÄ°N | Contact | +905063370548 | nilbavullu@yahoo.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ankara City Hospital | Recruiting | Çankaya | Ankara | 06290 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059787 | Acute Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| TPVB with 25 ml | Procedure | The thoracic paravertebral block will be applied to the patients with 25 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine under real-time ultrasound guidance. |
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| TPVB with 30 ml | Procedure | The thoracic paravertebral block will be applied to the patients with 30 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine under real-time ultrasound guidance. |
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