Number of patients and causes and patterns of recurrent varicose veins in the lower limbs in patients with history of varicose veins stripping or ablation of the superficial venous system.

Recurrence of varicose veins following surgery is a common, complex and costly problem in vascular surgery. Despite improvements in preoperative evaluation and methods of treatment, recurrence following varicose vein surgery is reported to occur in between 20 and 80% of cases. Many theories have been put forward concerning the underlying mechanisms and causes. These include poor understanding of the venous anatomy and haemodynamics, inadequate preoperative assessment, inappropriate or incomplete surgery and development of new sites of venous reflux as a consequence of disease progression or neovascularisation. However, it is difficult to evaluate these suggestions since the studies from which they arise vary greatly in their definitions of recurrence, preoperative assessment, initial treatment, classification and method and duration of follow-up.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1) Ages eligible for the study: 18-60. 2) Sexes eligible for the study: All. 3) Patients with previous intervention for varicose veins. 4) Patients with primary or secondary varicosities. 5) Patient's compliance to follow-up.

Exclusion Criteria:

1) Patients with no history of interventions for varicose veins. 2) Patients treated with injection sclerotherapy alone. 3) Pregnant women. 4) Patients with arterial disease in the same limb (ABI <0.8). 5) Patients with post-thrombotic syndrome

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Patients with previous history of intervention for varicose veins